Good News For Extraordinary Form Lovers: Pope Leo XIV is Listening!

Introduction

The Crux article (Pope Leo speaks to Crux’s Elise Ann Allen about LGBTQ+ issues and the liturgy | Crux) presents excerpts from an exclusive two-part interview conducted by Senior Correspondent Elise Ann Allen with Pope Leo XIV, the first American and Peruvian pope, for her biography León XIV: ciudadano del mundo, misionero del siglo XXI ("Leo XIV: Citizen of the World, Missionary of the XXI Century"). Published in Spanish by Penguin Peru on September 18, 2025, with English and Portuguese editions planned for early 2026, the biography traces Pope Leo’s journey from his childhood in Chicago to his missionary work in Peru and his rise to the papacy. The interview, conducted in July 2025 at the papal summer residence in Castel Gandolfo and the Vatican’s Palazzo Sant’Uffizio, covers a range of topics, including the Synod on Synodality, the role of women in the Church, LGBTQ+ inclusion, global polarization, Vatican finances, and the liturgy, particularly the Latin Mass.

Given the instruction to focus on Pope Leo’s comments regarding the Latin Mass, this summary will prioritize his statements on this topic, analyzing their significance within the context of the Church’s liturgical history and current debates. The Latin Mass, specifically the Tridentine Mass or Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite, has been a contentious issue since the liturgical reforms of the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). Pope Leo’s remarks offer insight into his approach to this polarizing issue as a new pontiff. To provide a holistic understanding, I will also summarize other key themes in the interview, as they inform the broader context of his liturgical perspective. The summary will include critical analysis, historical context, and implications for the future of the Latin Mass in the Catholic Church.

 Overview of the Article

The article is part of a series of excerpts from Allen’s biography, highlighting Pope Leo XIV’s perspectives on some of the most pressing issues facing the Catholic Church. As the former Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost, Pope Leo brings a unique perspective shaped by his American-Peruvian background, his Augustinian formation, and his extensive experience as a missionary and Vatican official. The interview reflects his pastoral approach, emphasizing dialogue, inclusion, and continuity with the reforms of his predecessor, Pope Francis. Key topics include the Synod on Synodality, which concluded in October 2024 and addressed issues like women’s roles and LGBTQ+ inclusion, as well as global challenges such as polarization, the war in Gaza, and Vatican-China relations.

The liturgy, particularly the Latin Mass, emerges as a significant focus due to its role as a flashpoint in contemporary Catholic debates. Pope Leo’s comments on the Latin Mass are brief but revealing, addressing the tension between traditionalist communities who favor the Tridentine Mass and the broader Church’s commitment to the post-Vatican II Ordinary Form. His remarks are framed within his broader vision of synodality—a process of listening and discernment that he sees as key to addressing divisions within the Church. The article portrays Pope Leo as a cautious yet empathetic leader navigating a complex landscape, seeking to balance tradition and reform while fostering unity.

 Pope Leo XIV’s Comments on the Latin Mass

The Latin Mass, specifically the Tridentine Mass celebrated according to the 1962 Missal, is a central issue in the interview due to its significance in Catholic liturgical debates. The Tridentine Mass, codified by the Council of Trent in the 16th century, was the standard liturgy of the Roman Rite until the Second Vatican Council introduced the Ordinary Form (Mass of Paul VI) in 1970. The Ordinary Form, typically celebrated in the vernacular with an emphasis on active participation, contrasts with the Tridentine Mass’s Latin language, priest-centered orientation, and elaborate rituals. In 2021, Pope Francis issued Traditionis Custodes, a motu proprio restricting the celebration of the Tridentine Mass, arguing that it was being used by some groups to reject Vatican II and foster division. Pope Leo’s comments in the interview address this ongoing controversy, offering a nuanced perspective on the issue.

Pope Leo begins by clarifying a common misunderstanding about the term “Latin Mass”:

> “There is another issue, which is also another hot-button issue, which I have already received a number of requests and letters [about]: The question about, people always say ‘the Latin Mass.’ Well, you can say Mass in Latin right now. If it’s the Vatican II rite there’s no problem. Obviously, between the Tridentine Mass and the Vatican II Mass, the Mass of Paul VI, I’m not sure where that’s going to go. It’s obviously very complicated.”

This statement highlights a key distinction: the Ordinary Form Mass can be celebrated in Latin, as it often is in certain settings, such as at the Vatican or in traditionalist communities. However, the term “Latin Mass” is typically used to refer to the Tridentine Mass, which differs significantly from the Ordinary Form in structure, theology, and aesthetic. Pope Leo’s acknowledgment of this distinction demonstrates his awareness of the issue’s complexity. His comment that he is “not sure where that’s going to go” reflects a cautious approach, suggesting that he has not yet formulated a definitive policy on the Tridentine Mass, unlike the more decisive restrictions imposed by Traditionis Custodes.

He continues, addressing the politicization of the liturgy:

> “I do know that part of that issue, unfortunately, has become – again, part of a process of polarization – people have used the liturgy as an excuse for advancing other topics. It’s become a political tool, and that’s very unfortunate. I think sometimes the, say, ‘abuse’ of the liturgy from what we call the Vatican II Mass, was not helpful for people who were looking for a deeper experience of prayer, of contact with the mystery of faith that they seemed to find in the celebration of the Tridentine Mass.”

This passage is the heart of Pope Leo’s commentary on the Latin Mass. He identifies the core problem as the liturgy’s transformation into a “political tool,” echoing Pope Francis’s concerns in Traditionis Custodes that the Tridentine Mass has been used by some to challenge the legitimacy of Vatican II. However, Pope Leo goes further by acknowledging that “abuses” in the celebration of the Ordinary Form—such as irreverent or overly casual practices—have contributed to the appeal of the Tridentine Mass. This admission is significant, as it shows empathy for traditionalist Catholics who seek a more reverent and transcendent liturgical experience. By recognizing these “abuses,” Pope Leo implicitly critiques the uneven implementation of the Ordinary Form, which can vary widely in style and fidelity to its rubrics.

Finally, Pope Leo proposes a path forward rooted in dialogue:

> “Again, we’ve become polarized, so that instead of being able to say, well, if we celebrate the Vatican II liturgy in a proper way, do you really find that much difference between this experience and that experience? I have not had the chance to really sit down with a group of people who are advocating for the Tridentine rite. There’s an opportunity coming up soon, and I’m sure there will be occasions for that. But that is an issue that I think also, maybe with synodality, we have to sit down and talk about.”

This statement underscores Pope Leo’s commitment to synodality—a process of listening and discernment that he sees as essential to resolving contentious issues. By suggesting that a properly celebrated Ordinary Form could meet the spiritual needs of those drawn to the Tridentine Mass, he implies that the differences between the two rites may be less significant when both are celebrated with reverence. His mention of an upcoming opportunity to meet with Tridentine Mass advocates is particularly noteworthy, as it suggests a willingness to engage directly with traditionalist communities, potentially marking a shift from the more restrictive approach of Traditionis Custodes. The reference to synodality as a framework for addressing the issue indicates that Pope Leo envisions a collaborative process to navigate the liturgical divide.

 Analysis of the Latin Mass Comments

Pope Leo’s remarks on the Latin Mass, though concise, are rich with implications for the future of Catholic liturgy. They reflect a pastoral leader navigating a delicate balance between preserving the reforms of Vatican II and addressing the concerns of traditionalist Catholics. Below, I analyze his comments in detail, focusing on their theological, pastoral, and practical significance.

 1. Clarification of Terminology

Pope Leo’s distinction between the Latin Mass as a broad term and the Tridentine Mass specifically is a critical starting point. The Ordinary Form can be celebrated in Latin, as seen in settings like St. Peter’s Basilica or communities like the Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter (FSSP). However, the term “Latin Mass” has become synonymous with the Tridentine Mass in popular discourse, particularly among traditionalists. By clarifying this, Pope Leo seeks to reframe the debate, emphasizing that the use of Latin is not the core issue. Instead, the controversy centers on the differences between the Tridentine and Ordinary Form rites, including their structure, theological emphases, and cultural associations. This clarification sets the stage for a more nuanced discussion, avoiding the oversimplification that often characterizes the debate.

 2. Acknowledgment of Polarization

Pope Leo’s observation that the liturgy has become a “political tool” is a direct critique of how the Tridentine Mass has been weaponized in intra-Church conflicts. Since the 1980s, when Pope John Paul II issued Ecclesia Dei to allow limited use of the Tridentine Mass, and especially after Pope Benedict XVI’s Summorum Pontificum (2007) liberalized its celebration, the rite has been embraced by diverse groups. For some, it represents a return to tradition and reverence; for others, particularly groups like the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX), it symbolizes resistance to Vatican II’s reforms, including liturgical changes, ecumenism, and religious liberty. Pope Francis’s Traditionis Custodes (2021) responded to this by restricting the Tridentine Mass, arguing that it was being used to undermine the Council’s authority.

Pope Leo’s use of the term “polarization” situates the Latin Mass debate within a broader context of division, both within the Church and globally. He sees this polarization as a challenge to be addressed through synodality, which he defines elsewhere in the interview as “an attitude, an openness, a willingness to understand” where “each and every member of the church has a voice and a role to play through prayer, reflection”. By framing the Latin Mass issue as part of this polarization, he suggests that dialogue, rather than restriction, may be the path forward.

 3. Empathy for Traditionalist Concerns

One of the most striking aspects of Pope Leo’s comments is his acknowledgment that “abuses” in the Ordinary Form have driven some Catholics to the Tridentine Mass. This term, “abuses,” refers to liturgical practices that deviate from the rubrics of the Ordinary Form, such as overly casual celebrations, improvised prayers, or a lack of reverence. Traditionalist scholars like Dr. Peter Kwasniewski have long argued that the flexibility of the Ordinary Form can lead to variations that feel less sacred, pushing some Catholics toward the Tridentine Mass for its structured reverence and historical continuity. Pope Leo’s recognition of this issue is a significant departure from the rhetoric of Traditionis Custodes, which focused on the misuse of the Tridentine Mass without addressing deficiencies in the Ordinary Form.

This empathy suggests that Pope Leo understands the spiritual motivations of traditionalist Catholics, who often describe the Tridentine Mass as offering a “deeper experience of prayer” and “contact with the mystery of faith.” By validating these concerns, he opens the door to potential reforms that enhance the reverence of the Ordinary Form, such as greater use of Latin, Gregorian chant, or ad orientem posture (where the priest faces the altar). Such reforms could address traditionalist desires without necessitating widespread use of the Tridentine Mass, aligning with his suggestion that a properly celebrated Ordinary Form might bridge the gap.

 4. Commitment to Synodality

Pope Leo’s proposal to address the Latin Mass issue through synodality is a key indicator of his leadership style. Synodality, a hallmark of Pope Francis’s pontificate, emphasizes listening, discernment, and the inclusion of diverse voices in Church governance. By suggesting that the Latin Mass debate be resolved through dialogue, Pope Leo signals a departure from the top-down approach of Traditionis Custodes. His mention of an upcoming opportunity to meet with Tridentine Mass advocates is particularly significant, as it suggests a concrete step toward engagement. While the article does not specify the nature of this opportunity, it could involve a synod-related event, a meeting with traditionalist groups like the FSSP or the Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest (ICRSS), or a special commission to study the issue.

This synodal approach aligns with Pope Leo’s broader vision, articulated elsewhere in the interview, of a Church that listens to all its members. However, it also raises questions about feasibility. The Latin Mass debate is deeply rooted in theological and cultural differences, and dialogue may not easily resolve these tensions. Traditionalists often view the Tridentine Mass as a safeguard of orthodoxy, while proponents of the Ordinary Form see it as the fullest expression of Vatican II’s vision. Bridging this divide will require careful navigation to avoid alienating either side.

 5. Uncertainty and Pragmatism

Pope Leo’s admission that he is “not sure where that’s going to go” reflects both humility and pragmatism. As a new pope, elected on May 8, 2025, he is still formulating his approach to complex issues like the Latin Mass. His uncertainty may stem from the need to balance the concerns of traditionalists with the broader Church’s commitment to Vatican II. This pragmatic approach contrasts with the more definitive stances of his predecessors—John Paul II and Benedict XVI, who expanded access to the Tridentine Mass, and Francis, who restricted it. Pope Leo’s cautious tone suggests he is seeking a middle path that preserves the Ordinary Form’s primacy while addressing traditionalist concerns through dialogue and potential liturgical reforms.

 Historical and Theological Context of the Latin Mass

To fully understand Pope Leo’s comments, it is essential to situate them within the historical and theological context of the Latin Mass debate. The Tridentine Mass, established by the Council of Trent (1545–1563), was designed to standardize Catholic liturgy in response to the Protestant Reformation. Celebrated in Latin with a focus on the priest’s role, it emphasized the sacrificial nature of the Mass and the transcendence of God. For centuries, it was the universal rite of the Roman Catholic Church, shaping Catholic identity and spirituality.

The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) introduced the Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (Sacrosanctum Concilium), which called for liturgical reform to promote “full and active participation” by the laity. The resulting Ordinary Form Mass, promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1969, simplified the liturgy, introduced vernacular languages, and emphasized community engagement. While widely adopted, the reforms alienated some Catholics who felt the Ordinary Form lacked the reverence and mystery of the Tridentine Mass. This led to the formation of traditionalist movements, some of which, like the SSPX, rejected Vatican II outright.

In 1988, Pope John Paul II issued Ecclesia Dei, allowing limited use of the Tridentine Mass to reconcile traditionalists. In 2007, Pope Benedict XVI’s Summorum Pontificum went further, declaring the Tridentine Mass an “Extraordinary Form” of the Roman Rite and allowing priests to celebrate it without special permission. Benedict argued that the two forms could coexist and enrich each other, fostering unity. However, by 2021, Pope Francis concluded that the Tridentine Mass was being used by some to reject Vatican II, leading to Traditionis Custodes, which required bishops’ approval for its celebration and reaffirmed the Ordinary Form as the “unique expression” of the Roman Rite.

This history shapes the context of Pope Leo’s remarks. His acknowledgment of “abuses” in the Ordinary Form aligns with traditionalist critiques, while his concern about polarization reflects the challenges posed by Traditionis Custodes. His proposal for dialogue suggests a desire to move beyond the restrictive approach of his predecessor while maintaining Vatican II’s legacy.

 Broader Themes in the Interview

While the Latin Mass comments are the focus, they are part of a broader interview that sheds light on Pope Leo’s priorities. Below, I summarize other key themes to provide context:

 1. LGBTQ+ Inclusion

Pope Leo addresses the Church’s approach to LGBTQ+ Catholics, emphasizing continuity with Pope Francis’s inclusive stance. He quotes Francis’s “todos, todos, todos” (everyone, everyone, everyone), stating, “I invite a person in because they are a son or daughter of God”. He acknowledges the issue’s polarizing nature, noting regional differences in how sexuality is perceived, and defends the traditional family as a foundation for society. This balanced approach mirrors his handling of the Latin Mass, seeking inclusion without altering Church teaching.

 2. Synodality

Synodality is a central theme, defined as “an attitude, an openness, a willingness to understand.” Pope Leo sees it as a response to polarization, rooted in Vatican II and Latin American ecclesial practices. His application of synodality to the Latin Mass suggests a commitment to dialogue as a means of resolving disputes, aligning with his broader vision of a listening Church.

 3. Polarization

Pope Leo frequently addresses polarization, attributing it to factors like the COVID-19 pandemic, economic inequality, and the erosion of family values. His framing of the Latin Mass as a “political tool” fits into this narrative, highlighting the need for unity through dialogue.

 4. Vatican Finances and Reforms

The pope discusses Vatican finances, noting a 60 million euro surplus in the 2024 APSA report and emphasizing continued reforms. This pragmatic approach parallels his handling of liturgical issues, seeking practical solutions to complex challenges.

 5. Global Issues

Pope Leo addresses global concerns, including the war in Gaza, Vatican-China relations, and U.S. politics. He advocates for dialogue and peace, reflecting the same pastoral approach he applies to the Latin Mass debate.

 Critical Examination

The article portrays Pope Leo as a pastoral leader committed to dialogue, but it is worth examining this narrative critically. Crux’s framing may reflect its editorial alignment with Pope Francis’s reforms, emphasizing continuity over change. Pope Leo’s cautious tone on the Latin Mass could be strategic, avoiding early conflict in his pontificate, but it risks leaving both traditionalists and progressives dissatisfied. His proposal for synodality is promising but may struggle to bridge the deep theological divide over the liturgy. Additionally, his acknowledgment of Ordinary Form “abuses” is significant, but without concrete reforms, it may remain rhetorical.

 Implications for the Future

Pope Leo’s comments suggest potential shifts in the Vatican’s approach to the Latin Mass. Possible outcomes include:

- Reverent Ordinary Form: Promoting guidelines for more reverent Ordinary Form celebrations to address traditionalist concerns.

- Limited Tridentine Access: Allowing the Tridentine Mass under strict conditions, such as acceptance of Vatican II.

- Synodal Dialogue: Convening a working group to study the issue, involving traditionalist and mainstream voices.

These steps could foster unity but risk resistance from bishops aligned with Traditionis Custodes or traditionalists seeking unrestricted access. Pope Leo’s success will depend on his ability to navigate these tensions.

Conclusion

Pope Leo XIV’s comments on the Latin Mass reveal a pastoral leader seeking to balance tradition and reform through dialogue. By acknowledging the politicization of the liturgy, empathizing with traditionalist concerns, and proposing synodality as a solution, he offers a hopeful vision for resolving the debate. His remarks, set against the broader context of his interview, reflect a commitment to unity and inclusion, positioning him as a bridge-builder in a divided Church. The future of the Latin Mass remains uncertain, but Pope Leo’s approach suggests a path toward reconciliation through listening and discernment.