Black Friday and the dangers of materialism and commercialism from a Catholic perspective

Title: Black Friday: A Catholic Perspective on Materialism and Commercialism

Black Friday, the day following Thanksgiving in the United States, has become synonymous with massive sales, long lines, and a frenzy of shopping. While it is often seen as an opportunity to snag great deals and kick off the holiday shopping season, Black Friday also raises important questions about materialism and commercialism, especially from a Catholic perspective.

The Origins of Black Friday

Black Friday's origins can be traced back to the early 20th century, but it gained significant popularity in the 1980s and 1990s. Retailers began to offer substantial discounts to attract shoppers, turning the day into a major shopping event. The term "Black Friday" itself refers to the point at which retailers begin to turn a profit, moving from the "red" (losses) to the "black" (profits).

Materialism and Its Dangers

Materialism, the belief that physical possessions and wealth are the most important aspects of life, is a significant concern in modern society. From a Catholic perspective, materialism is problematic because it shifts focus away from spiritual and moral values. The Catechism of the Catholic Church warns against the dangers of materialism, emphasizing that true happiness and fulfillment come from a relationship with God and living a life of virtue.

Commercialism and Its Impact

Commercialism, the emphasis on maximizing profit through the promotion of goods and services, often leads to a culture of consumerism. This culture encourages people to buy more than they need, often driven by advertising and societal pressures. From a Catholic viewpoint, commercialism can lead to a disordered attachment to material goods, detracting from the spiritual and communal aspects of life.

The Catholic Response to Materialism and Commercialism

1. Emphasizing Spiritual Values: Catholics are called to prioritize spiritual values over material possessions. This means focusing on faith, family, and community rather than accumulating wealth and goods. The Church teaches that material possessions should be used to serve others and promote the common good.

2. Practicing Moderation and Simplicity: The virtue of temperance encourages moderation and simplicity in all aspects of life. Catholics are encouraged to practice detachment from material goods and to live simply, recognizing that true wealth lies in spiritual and relational richness.

3. Promoting Social Justice: The Catholic Church advocates for social justice and the fair distribution of resources. This includes addressing the inequalities that often arise from unchecked commercialism and materialism. Catholics are called to support ethical business practices and to be mindful of the impact of their purchasing decisions on others, especially the poor and marginalized.

4. Fostering Gratitude and Generosity: Thanksgiving, the day before Black Friday, is a time to reflect on and give thanks for the blessings in our lives. Catholics are encouraged to carry this spirit of gratitude into the holiday season and beyond. Generosity, particularly towards those in need, is a key aspect of living out the Catholic faith.

Practical Steps for Catholics on Black Friday

1. Mindful Shopping: Approach Black Friday with a mindset of mindfulness and intentionality. Make a list of necessary items and avoid impulse purchases. Consider the ethical implications of your purchases and support businesses that align with your values.

2. Giving Back: Use Black Friday as an opportunity to give back. Donate to charities, volunteer your time, or support local businesses that contribute to the community. This can help counteract the consumerist mentality and promote a spirit of generosity.

3. Reflecting on Priorities: Take time to reflect on your priorities and the role of material possessions in your life. Consider how you can cultivate a deeper relationship with God and others, and how you can use your resources to serve the greater good.

Conclusion

Black Friday, while often seen as a day of deals and discounts, also presents an opportunity for reflection and action. From a Catholic perspective, it is a reminder to prioritize spiritual values over material possessions, to practice moderation and simplicity, and to promote social justice and generosity. By approaching Black Friday with mindfulness and intentionality, Catholics can navigate the challenges of materialism and commercialism and live out their faith in meaningful ways.

Thanksgiving -Catholics Did It First

The First Thanksgiving: A Catholic Celebration in St. Augustine, Florida

When we think of Thanksgiving, the image that often comes to mind is that of the Pilgrims and Native Americans sharing a feast in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1621. However, the history of Thanksgiving in America is more complex and diverse than this singular narrative. In fact, the first recorded Thanksgiving celebration in what is now the United States took place over half a century earlier, in St. Augustine, Florida, and was led by Spanish Catholics.

A Historical Overview

On September 8, 1565, Spanish explorer Pedro Menéndez de Avilés landed on the shores of what is now St. Augustine, Florida. He and his crew were on a mission to establish a Spanish colony and spread Christianity. Upon their arrival, they held a Mass of Thanksgiving to celebrate their safe journey and the founding of the new settlement. This event is considered by many historians to be the first Thanksgiving celebration in America.

The Significance of the Mass

The Mass of Thanksgiving held by Menéndez and his crew was a deeply religious ceremony, reflecting the Catholic faith of the Spanish settlers. The Mass was officiated by Father Francisco López de Mendoza Grajales, the chaplain of the expedition. This act of gratitude was not just a moment of personal reflection but a communal event that underscored the settlers' faith and their reliance on divine providence.

A Feast with the Timucua

Following the Mass, the Spanish settlers shared a meal with the local Timucua tribe. This feast included a variety of foods that were available in the region, such as salted pork, garbanzo beans, ship's bread, and red wine. The Timucua contributed local foods, including corn, fresh fish, and fruits. This meal symbolized a moment of cultural exchange and mutual respect between the Spanish settlers and the indigenous people.

Cultural and Religious Context

The celebration in St. Augustine was deeply rooted in the Catholic tradition of giving thanks to God for blessings and safe passage. This practice was common among Spanish explorers and settlers, who often held religious ceremonies to mark significant events. The inclusion of the Timucua in the feast also highlights the early interactions between European settlers and Native Americans, which were often complex and multifaceted.

The Eucharist: A Celebration of Thanksgiving

The word "Eucharist" comes from the Greek word "eucharistia," which means "thanksgiving." In the Christian tradition, the Eucharist is a sacrament that commemorates the Last Supper, where Jesus Christ shared bread and wine with his disciples, consecrating them into His body and blood. This act of sharing and giving thanks is central to the Christian faith and has profound connections to the broader concept of thanksgiving.

The Meaning of the Eucharist

The Eucharist, also known as Holy Communion or the Lord's Supper, is a ritual of profound significance in many Christian denominations. It is a time for believers to come together, reflect on the sacrifice of Jesus, and give thanks for the grace and salvation offered through his death and resurrection. The act of breaking bread and sharing wine is a symbolic gesture of unity, community, and gratitude.

Thanksgiving in the Eucharist

The Eucharist is inherently a celebration of thanksgiving. During the ritual, Christians express their gratitude for the blessings they have received, particularly the gift of Jesus Christ. The prayers and hymns associated with the Eucharist often emphasize themes of thankfulness, praise, and worship. This sense of gratitude is not limited to spiritual blessings but extends to all aspects of life, recognizing God's providence and care.

Connection to Thanksgiving Day

Thanksgiving Day, as celebrated in the United States, is a secular holiday that also centers around themes of gratitude and community. While it has historical roots in the harvest festivals and the Pilgrims' feast with Native Americans, the essence of Thanksgiving Day aligns closely with the spirit of the Eucharist. Both occasions involve coming together with loved ones, sharing a meal, and giving thanks for the blessings of the past year.

A Shared Spirit of Gratitude

The connection between the Eucharist and Thanksgiving Day lies in their shared emphasis on gratitude. Both celebrations encourage individuals to pause, reflect, and appreciate the abundance in their lives. Whether through the sacred ritual of the Eucharist or the festive gathering of Thanksgiving Day, the act of giving thanks fosters a sense of community, humility, and joy.

The Eucharist and Thanksgiving Day, though different in their origins and practices, both celebrate the profound act of giving thanks. The Eucharist, with its deep spiritual significance, reminds Christians of the ultimate sacrifice and the grace that flows from it. Thanksgiving Day, with its focus on family and feasting, echoes this sentiment of gratitude in a more secular context. Together, they highlight the importance of thankfulness in our lives, encouraging us to recognize and cherish the blessings we receive.

Legacy and Recognition

Despite its historical significance, the St. Augustine Thanksgiving is not as widely recognized as the Plymouth celebration. However, efforts have been made in recent years to bring attention to this earlier event. Historians and local organizations in St. Augustine have worked to educate the public about the true origins of Thanksgiving in America, emphasizing the diverse cultural and religious influences that have shaped the holiday.

Conclusion

The first Thanksgiving in St. Augustine, Florida, is a testament to the rich and varied history of America. It reminds us that the story of Thanksgiving is not confined to a single narrative but is a tapestry of different traditions and cultures. By acknowledging and celebrating this early Catholic Thanksgiving, we gain a deeper understanding of the holiday's origins and the diverse heritage that defines our nation.

 

Moana 2: A Dazzling Sequel That Sets Sail Beyond Expectations- Movie Review

Review of "Moana 2": Title: Moana 2: A Dazzling Sequel That Sets Sail Beyond Expectations

When Disney announced the sequel to the beloved "Moana," fans were both excited and apprehensive. Could "Moana 2" live up to the high seas adventure and heartwarming story of its predecessor? The answer is a resounding yes. "Moana 2" not only meets expectations but surpasses them, delivering a cinematic experience that is both visually stunning and emotionally resonant.

A Journey of Growth and Discovery

"Moana 2" picks up a few years after the events of the first film. Moana, now a confident and respected leader of her people, faces new challenges that test her courage and wisdom. The sequel beautifully explores themes of growth, responsibility, and the enduring power of self-discovery. Moana's journey is not just about navigating the treacherous waters of the Pacific but also about understanding her place in the world and the legacy she wants to leave behind.

Stunning Visuals and Animation

Disney has once again outdone itself with the animation in "Moana 2." The film is a visual feast, with breathtaking landscapes, vibrant colors, and incredibly detailed character designs. The ocean, a character in its own right, is rendered with such realism and beauty that it feels almost tangible. The animation team has pushed the boundaries of what is possible, creating a world that is both fantastical and grounded in reality.

A Soundtrack That Soars

One of the standout elements of the original "Moana" was its unforgettable soundtrack, and "Moana 2" does not disappoint. The sequel features a mix of new songs and reprises of beloved classics, all of which are sure to become instant hits. The music, composed by Lin-Manuel Miranda and Opetaia Foa'i, is a perfect blend of catchy melodies and meaningful lyrics that enhance the storytelling and emotional depth of the film.

Characters Old and New

"Moana 2" brings back beloved characters from the first film, including the mischievous demigod Maui, voiced by Dwayne Johnson, and Moana's loyal pet pig, Pua. The chemistry between Moana and Maui is as delightful as ever, providing plenty of humor and heartwarming moments. The sequel also introduces new characters who add richness to the story, including a wise elder who becomes a mentor to Moana and a group of adventurous young voyagers who join her on her quest.

A Story with Heart

At its core, "Moana 2" is a story about the importance of heritage, community, and the courage to forge one's own path. The film tackles complex themes with sensitivity and grace, making it a meaningful experience for audiences of all ages. Moana's journey is one of self-discovery and empowerment, and her story is a powerful reminder that we all have the strength to overcome our fears and achieve our dreams.

Conclusion

"Moana 2" is a triumph in every sense of the word. It is a beautifully crafted film that honors the spirit of the original while charting its own course. With its stunning animation, memorable music, and heartfelt story, "Moana 2" is a worthy successor that will captivate audiences and inspire a new generation of fans. Whether you're a longtime admirer of Moana or new to her adventures, this sequel is a must-see that will leave you feeling uplifted and inspired.

I watched the film with my nephew and we enjoyed it. It was very moving and highlighted messages about embracing one's customs and culture, family and loyalty. 

Solemnity of Christ the King of the Universe

Today we celebrate the Solemnity of Christ the King of the Universe. What a glorious day. Jesus Christ is King of all (1 Cor 15:20-26, 28). The king of the universe. The very word "Christ" means "Anointed One, or King."

This solemnity was instituted in 1925 by Pope Pius XI in his encyclical Quas Primas. The day was originally called the solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ the King.  In 1969, Blessed Pope Paul VI in the motu proprio Mysterii Paschalis revised the title as "Our Lord Jesus Christ King of the Universe."

Priests in the Catholic Church wear white or golden color vestments to show the glory and joy behind the celebration.  Other Christian bodies such as the Protestant and Orthodox adopted the day and have their own ways of celebrating it.  All those Baptized share in this Kingship of Christ (CCC 1241). This day which always falls on a Sunday is the last Sunday of the Liturgical calendar. The Sunday that follows is the First Sunday of Advent which starts a new Liturgical Year.  This is a reminder that Christ is the Alpha and Omega; the beginning and the end (Revelation 21:6).  Jesus ends the Liturgical calendar and begins it.  He was at the beginning of time and will judge all at the end of it as we will read in the Gospel at Mass.

Reflection on the Readings for Christ the King Sunday, November 24, 2024 (Year B)

The Solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, King of the Universe, marks the end of the liturgical year and invites us to reflect on the kingship of Christ. The readings for this feast day emphasize the eternal and universal reign of Jesus, offering profound insights into His divine authority and our call to live under His lordship.

First Reading: Daniel 7:13-14

In the first reading from the Book of Daniel, we encounter a powerful vision of the "Son of Man" coming on the clouds of heaven. This figure is presented before the "Ancient One" and receives dominion, glory, and kingship. All peoples, nations, and languages serve Him, and His dominion is everlasting, never to be destroyed.

This passage highlights the divine authority and eternal reign of Christ. The title "Son of Man" is significant, as Jesus often used it to refer to Himself. It emphasizes both His humanity and His divine mission. The vision in Daniel points to the ultimate victory of Christ over all earthly powers and His establishment of an everlasting kingdom. As we reflect on this reading, we are reminded of the hope and assurance we have in Christ's eternal kingship.

Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 93:1, 1-2, 5

The responsorial psalm proclaims the majesty and sovereignty of God: "The Lord is king; he is robed in majesty." The psalmist celebrates God's strength and the stability of His reign, affirming that His decrees are trustworthy and His house is adorned with holiness.

This psalm invites us to acknowledge and praise the kingship of God. It calls us to recognize His authority over all creation and to trust in His righteous and just rule. As we sing this psalm, we join in the universal chorus of praise, affirming that God is indeed the King of the universe.

Second Reading: Revelation 1:5-8

The second reading from the Book of Revelation presents Jesus Christ as the "faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead and ruler of the kings of the earth." It speaks of His love for us, His liberation of us from our sins by His blood, and His making us into a kingdom of priests for God. The passage concludes with a powerful declaration: "I am the Alpha and the Omega, the one who is and who was and who is to come, the almighty".

This reading emphasizes the cosmic and redemptive dimensions of Christ's kingship. Jesus is not only the ruler of earthly kings but also the eternal Lord who transcends time and space. His sacrificial love and victory over death establish Him as the ultimate King. As we reflect on this passage, we are called to live as members of His kingdom, serving Him with gratitude and devotion.

Gospel: John 18:33B-37

In the Gospel reading, we witness the dramatic encounter between Jesus and Pilate. Pilate asks Jesus, "Are you the King of the Jews?" Jesus responds by clarifying the nature of His kingdom: "My kingdom does not belong to this world." He explains that His mission is to testify to the truth, and those who belong to the truth listen to His voice.

This passage challenges us to understand the true nature of Christ's kingship. Unlike earthly rulers who seek power and control, Jesus' kingship is rooted in truth, love, and service. His kingdom is not of this world, yet it transforms the world through the lives of those who follow Him. As we reflect on this Gospel, we are invited to align our lives with the values of Christ's kingdom and to bear witness to His truth in our daily actions.

Conclusion

The readings for Christ the King Sunday invite us to contemplate the majesty and authority of Jesus Christ, the King of the Universe. They remind us of His eternal reign, His redemptive love, and the transformative power of His truth. As we celebrate this solemnity, let us renew our commitment to living under Christ's lordship, proclaiming His kingship in our words and deeds, and trusting in His everlasting dominion.

May these reflections inspire us to deepen our faith and devotion to Christ the King, and to live as faithful members of His kingdom, bringing His light and love to the world.

For more details on the readings, you can visit the [USCCB website](https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/112424.cfm).

 

Wicked (Part 1): Movie Review

 

A Magical Journey: A Review of "Wicked"

The highly anticipated film adaptation of the beloved Broadway musical "Wicked" has finally arrived, and it is nothing short of a spectacular triumph. Directed by Jon M. Chu and featuring a star-studded cast, "Wicked" brings the enchanting world of Oz to life in a way that is both visually stunning and emotionally resonant. Here’s why "Wicked" is a must-watch for fans of the musical and newcomers alike.

A Stellar Cast

The casting of "Wicked" is a dream come true for fans. Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande shine in their roles as Elphaba and Glinda, respectively. Erivo’s portrayal of Elphaba, the misunderstood green-skinned girl who becomes the Wicked Witch of the West, is both powerful and poignant. Her vocal performance is nothing short of breathtaking, capturing the raw emotion and complexity of her character. Grande, on the other hand, brings a delightful charm and effervescence to Glinda, the popular and bubbly Good Witch. Their chemistry on screen is palpable, making their friendship and eventual rivalry all the more compelling.

Visual Spectacle

One of the standout features of "Wicked" is its visual splendor. The film’s production design, costumes, and special effects are a feast for the eyes. From the vibrant and whimsical Emerald City to the dark and mysterious forests of Oz, every scene is meticulously crafted to transport viewers into this magical world. The use of CGI is seamless, enhancing the fantastical elements without overshadowing the story. The attention to detail in the costumes, particularly Elphaba’s iconic black hat and Glinda’s sparkling gowns, adds an extra layer of authenticity and enchantment.

Faithful Adaptation

Fans of the original Broadway musical will be pleased to know that the film stays true to its source material while also offering fresh interpretations. The screenplay, adapted by Winnie Holzman (who wrote the musical’s book) and Stephen Schwartz (who composed the music and lyrics), retains the heart and soul of the stage production. Iconic songs like "Defying Gravity," "Popular," and "For Good" are beautifully performed and choreographed, capturing the essence of the musical’s themes of friendship, identity, and acceptance.

Emotional Depth

"Wicked" delves deep into the backstory of the Wicked Witch of the West, offering a nuanced and sympathetic portrayal of Elphaba. The film explores themes of prejudice, power, and the consequences of our choices, making it a thought-provoking and emotionally resonant experience. Erivo’s portrayal of Elphaba’s journey from an outcast to a powerful and misunderstood figure is both heartbreaking and inspiring. The film also highlights the complexities of Glinda’s character, showing her growth from a superficial and self-centered girl to a compassionate and wise leader.

Musical Brilliance

The music of "Wicked" is one of its greatest strengths, and the film does not disappoint in this regard. Stephen Schwartz’s score is brought to life with stunning orchestration and vocal performances. Erivo’s rendition of "Defying Gravity" is a showstopper, capturing the defiance and determination of Elphaba’s character. Grande’s performance of "Popular" is both hilarious and endearing, showcasing her comedic timing and vocal prowess. The film’s musical numbers are expertly staged and choreographed, making them a visual and auditory delight.

Conclusion

"Wicked" is a magical and mesmerizing film that captures the heart and soul of the beloved musical. With stellar performances, breathtaking visuals, and a faithful adaptation of the original story, it is a must-watch for fans and newcomers alike. The film’s exploration of themes such as friendship, identity, and acceptance makes it a thought-provoking and emotionally resonant experience. Whether you’re a longtime fan of the musical or discovering it for the first time, "Wicked" is sure to leave you spellbound.

I watched the film with my nephew and sister. It was amazing. We enjoyed it. The music, dancing, story plot, imagery, and acting were all superb.  Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande did extremely well.  While the original 1938 Wizard of Oz is an untouchable classic and work of art, this "prequel" is its postmodern equivalent. The movie brought the movie theater number 8 in the Bronx to full applause at the film's conclusion.  The film has some inclusive facts such as a disabled character in a wheelchair and some gay personas.  However, the roles are not overbearing nor pontificate to the audience.  This film is fun for the family with a lot of positive messages.  

 

The Discovery of the Earliest "Jesus is God" Inscription: A Groundbreaking Find

The Discovery of the Earliest "Jesus is God" Inscription: A Groundbreaking Find

In a remarkable archaeological discovery, researchers have uncovered the earliest known inscription declaring "Jesus is God." This 1,800-year-old artifact, known as the Megiddo Mosaic, has been hailed as one of the most significant finds since the Dead Sea Scrolls. The inscription, written in ancient Greek, offers invaluable insights into early Christian beliefs and practices. This blog post delves into the details of this extraordinary discovery, its historical context, and its implications for our understanding of early Christianity.

The Discovery

The Megiddo Mosaic was discovered beneath the floor of the Megiddo Prison in northern Israel during excavations conducted by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) between 2003 and 2005. The mosaic, which dates back to approximately 230 AD, was found in what is believed to be the earliest known Christian prayer hall. This site, located near a Roman military camp, reflects a diverse community that included Roman soldiers and early Christians.

The mosaic features three inscriptions written in ancient Greek. The most notable of these reads: "The god-loving Akeptous has offered the table to God Jesus Christ as a memorial." This inscription is considered one of the earliest affirmations of Jesus' divinity, predating the formal establishment of Christianity as the Roman Empire's official religion.

Historical Context

The discovery of the Megiddo Mosaic provides a rare glimpse into the practices and beliefs of early Christians. During the third century, Christianity was still in its formative stages, and followers often gathered in private homes or small prayer halls for worship. The mosaic's location in a prayer hall, rather than a formal church building, underscores the humble and clandestine nature of early Christian worship.

The inscription's reference to "God Jesus Christ" is particularly significant, as it offers physical evidence of the early Christian belief in Jesus' divinity. This challenges the notion that the doctrine of Jesus' divinity was a later development and suggests that early Christians already held this belief.

The Significance of the Inscription

The Megiddo Mosaic is not only a testament to early Christian beliefs but also a reflection of the community's social and cultural dynamics. The inscription mentions Akeptous, a wealthy and influential woman who donated the table used in Eucharistic rituals. This highlights the important role of women in early Christian communities and their contributions to the faith.

Another inscription credits Gaianus, a Roman centurion, for funding the mosaic. His involvement underscores the diverse makeup of early Christian communities, which included individuals from various social and economic backgrounds. The mosaic also features fish imagery, an early Christian symbol, further emphasizing the community's religious identity.

Implications for Early Christian Studies

The discovery of the Megiddo Mosaic has profound implications for the study of early Christianity. It provides concrete evidence of the early Christian belief in Jesus' divinity and offers insights into the practices and social dynamics of early Christian communities. The mosaic's inscriptions and imagery contribute to our understanding of how early Christians expressed their faith and organized their worship.

Moreover, the Megiddo Mosaic challenges existing narratives about the development of Christian doctrine. It suggests that the belief in Jesus' divinity was already established among early Christians, long before the formalization of Christian theology in the fourth century.

Conclusion

The discovery of the Megiddo Mosaic is a groundbreaking find that sheds new light on the early Christian faith. Its inscriptions and imagery offer a unique window into the beliefs and practices of early Christians, highlighting their devotion and the diverse makeup of their communities.  It shows that Christians always believed Jesus to be God. Jesus was not "deified" later on to compete with Roman religions of the time as some ignorant atheists claim on social media. Nor is Jesus a demi-god as Jehovah's Witnesses and other Unitarians erroneously believe.  It also shows that Constantine did not find Christianity and that the Catholic Church existed before his conversion teaching that Jesus is God.  As researchers continue to study this remarkable artifact, it will undoubtedly contribute to a deeper understanding of the origins and development of Christianity.

For more information on this discovery, you can read the full articles on [MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/earliest-jesus-is-god-inscription-found-deemed-greatest-discovery-since-the-dead-sea-scrolls/ar-AA1umW56?ocid=BingNewsSerp), [Greek Reporter](https://greekreporter.com/tag/jesus-as-god-inscription/), and [uCatholic](https://ucatholic.com/news/earliest-inscription-of-jesus-as-god-discovered-in-megiddo-prison-mosaic-now-on-display-at-museum/).

Source:

Earliest ‘Jesus is God’ inscription found — deemed ‘greatest discovery since the Dead Sea Scrolls’

Ancient inscription reading ‘Jesus is God’ from 1,800 years ago is ‘greatest find since the Dead Sea Scrolls’ | The Irish Sun

Earliest 'Jesus Is God' Inscription Found In Israeli Prison: 'Greatest Discovery Since...'

The Megiddo Mosaic: A Community Coming Together to the Table | Museum of the Bible

The Joyful Announcement: Blessed Carlo Acutis to be Canonized in 2025

The Joyful Announcement: Blessed Carlo Acutis to be Canonized in 2025

The Catholic world is abuzz with excitement following the recent announcement by Pope Francis that Blessed Carlo Acutis will be canonized in 2025. This momentous occasion will take place during the Church's Jubilee of Teenagers, from April 25 to 27, with the canonization Mass scheduled for Sunday, April 27, at 10:30 a.m. local time in St. Peter's Square. This announcement has brought immense joy and anticipation to Catholics worldwide, especially young people who look up to Carlo as a modern-day role model of faith and holiness.

Who is Blessed Carlo Acutis?

Carlo Acutis, born in 1991, was an Italian teenager known for his deep devotion to the Eucharist and his remarkable use of technology to spread the Catholic faith. He passed away at the young age of 15 in 2006 due to leukemia, but his legacy continues to inspire millions. Carlo's life was marked by his love for Jesus, his dedication to attending daily Mass, and his efforts to document and share Eucharistic miracles through a website he created.

Carlo's beatification took place on October 10, 2020, in Assisi, Italy, where his body is now enshrined. He is often referred to as the "first millennial saint" and "God's influencer" due to his innovative use of digital media to evangelize and his profound impact on young Catholics.

The Canonization Announcement

Pope Francis made the surprise announcement during his weekly general audience in St. Peter's Square on November 20, 2024, coinciding with World Children's Day. The Vatican spokesman, Matteo Bruni, confirmed that Carlo Acutis' canonization would occur during the Jubilee of Teenagers, a significant event dedicated to young people. This celebration is expected to draw thousands of young Catholics to Rome, eager to witness the canonization of a peer who exemplified living a holy life in the modern world.

Carlo's Legacy and Impact

Carlo Acutis' life and legacy continue to resonate deeply with people of all ages, but especially with the youth. His passion for the Eucharist, his commitment to daily Mass, and his innovative use of technology to share his faith have made him a relatable and inspiring figure. Carlo's famous quote, "The Eucharist is my highway to heaven," encapsulates his profound love for Jesus and his belief in the transformative power of the Eucharist.

Carlo's influence extends beyond his digital evangelization. His life story has inspired numerous schools, ministries, and parish initiatives named in his honor. His beatification and upcoming canonization have sparked a renewed interest in the Eucharist and a deeper commitment to living out the Catholic faith among young people.

A Celebration of Youth and Holiness

The canonization of Carlo Acutis during the Jubilee of Teenagers is a fitting tribute to his life and legacy. It serves as a powerful reminder of the potential for holiness in everyday life and the importance of using one's talents and passions to glorify God. Carlo's canonization will undoubtedly inspire countless young people to pursue a deeper relationship with Jesus and to live out their faith with enthusiasm and joy.

As we eagerly await this historic event, let us reflect on Carlo's example and strive to emulate his love for the Eucharist, his dedication to prayer, and his innovative spirit in sharing the Gospel. Blessed Carlo Acutis, soon to be Saint Carlo Acutis, pray for us!

For more details on the announcement and Carlo Acutis' life, you can read the full articles on [Catholic News Agency](https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260581/carlo-acutis-and-pier-giorgio-frassati-to-be-canonized-in-2025-pope-francis-announces-dates) and [National Catholic Register](https://www.ncregister.com/cna/pope-francis-announces-2025-canonizations-for-carlo-acutis-pier-giorgio-frassati-during-jubilee-celebrations).

Daniel Penny Trail: Update IV

The Latest Developments in the Daniel Penny Trial

The trial of Daniel Penny, a former Marine, has been a focal point of public attention due to the tragic circumstances surrounding the death of Jordan Neely on a New York City subway in May 2023. Penny is facing charges of second-degree manslaughter and criminally negligent homicide for allegedly fatally choking Neely, a homeless man known for his Michael Jackson impersonations. This blog post provides a detailed overview of the latest developments in the trial, including witness testimonies, video evidence, and expert analyses.

Background of the Case

On May 1, 2023, Jordan Neely boarded a northbound F train in Manhattan. Witnesses reported that Neely, who was experiencing homelessness and mental health issues, began behaving erratically, shouting that he was hungry, thirsty, and unafraid of going to jail. Daniel Penny, a 26-year-old Marine veteran, intervened by placing Neely in a chokehold, which he maintained for several minutes. Neely lost consciousness and was later pronounced dead at a hospital. His death was ruled a homicide by compression of the neck.

Key Developments in the Trial

1. Prosecution's Case:

   - The prosecution has argued that Penny's actions were reckless and that he used excessive force by maintaining the chokehold for nearly six minutes. They have presented video evidence and witness testimonies to support their case.

   - Dr. Cynthia Harris, the medical examiner who performed Neely's autopsy, testified that Neely's cause of death was asphyxia due to neck compression. She concluded that there were no alternative reasonable explanations for Neely's death other than Penny's chokehold.

2. Defense's Case:

   - The defense has focused on portraying Penny as a responsible and empathetic individual who acted in self-defense. They have called several character witnesses, including Penny's mother, Gina, and fellow Marines who testified to his integrity and calm demeanor.

   - A forensic psychiatrist, an expert witness for the defense, reviewed Neely's psychiatric records and testified about Neely's severe mental illness, including schizophrenia and K2 abuse. The psychiatrist highlighted Neely's history of paranoid fears and erratic behavior.

3. Witness Testimonies:

   - Witnesses on the subway described Neely's behavior as threatening and aggressive. One witness, Eric Gonzalez, testified that he assisted Penny in restraining Neely, hoping that Penny would release the chokehold. Gonzalez admitted to initially lying to the police about Neely trying to hit him, stating he did so to justify his actions.

   - Another witness, Moriela Sanchez, made a 911 call during the incident, describing Neely's threatening behavior and expressing relief when Penny intervened. However, she also testified that Penny's hold seemed excessively tight and appeared to be intended to harm Neely.

4. Video Evidence:

   - Jurors were shown body camera footage of Penny's initial encounter with police, where he explained his actions and expressed that he was trying to de-escalate the situation.

   - Cellphone videos taken by witnesses on the subway were also presented in court. These videos showed Penny maintaining the chokehold even after Neely had stopped moving.

5. Character Witnesses:

   - Penny's mother, Gina, testified about his upbringing, emphasizing the values of honesty, humility, and kindness that he was taught. She described Penny as a well-rounded individual who excelled in school, sports, and music.

   - Fellow Marines testified about Penny's reputation for being calm, peaceful, and empathetic. They highlighted his receipt of a Humanitarian Service Medal for his work during the Hurricane Florence response in 2018.

Broader Implications

The trial has sparked widespread debate and divided public opinion. Some view Penny as a good Samaritan who acted to protect others, while others see him as a vigilante who overreacted. The case has also highlighted issues related to mental health, homelessness, and the use of force in self-defense situations.

Conclusion

As the trial continues, it remains to be seen how the jury will interpret the evidence and testimonies presented. Daniel Penny faces up to 19 years in prison if convicted. The outcome of this trial will likely have significant implications for how similar cases are handled in the future, particularly regarding the use of force and the treatment of individuals experiencing mental health crises.

For more detailed updates on the trial, you can follow the coverage on [CBS News](https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/daniel-penny-nyc-subway-chokehold-trial-defense-day-1/), [MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/daniel-penny-trial-live-updates-subway-chokehold-case-back-in-court-tuesday/ar-AA1tWKMt), and [Yahoo News](https://news.yahoo.com/news/marines-served-daniel-penny-witness-184517844.html).

Daniel Penny defense witness says 'chokehold did not cause the death' of Jordan Neely | Fox News

Defense's forensic pathologist disputes Medical Examiner's chokehold death claim in Daniel Penny trial - ABC7 New York

Psychiatrist drops bombshell testimony about Jordan Neely - after prosecutors tried to silence him from Daniel Penny's chokehold trial | Daily Mail Online

WATCH The Interrogation of Daniel Penny | The Free Press

NYC prosecutes Daniel Penny, allows career criminals to run free | Watch

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/05/marine-daniel-penny-kills-homeless.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/06/daniel-penny-jordan-williams-self.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2024/10/trial-begins-for-marine-daniel-penny.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/06/daniel-penny-arraigned-jordan-williams.html

 

Our Lady of Divine Providence: Patroness of Puerto Rico

Our Lady of Divine Providence: Patroness of Puerto Rico

Our Lady of Divine Providence, known as "Nuestra Señora de la Divina Providencia" in Spanish, holds a special place in the hearts of Puerto Ricans. As the patroness of Puerto Rico, her story is one of faith, devotion, and divine intervention. This blog post explores the history, significance, and cultural impact of Our Lady of Divine Providence.

Historical Background

The devotion to Our Lady of Divine Providence originated in Italy in the 13th century. It is closely associated with St. Philip Benizi, the fifth superior of the Servite Order, who invoked Mary's aid during a time of need. According to tradition, when the friars had nothing to eat, St. Philip prayed to Mary, and soon after, baskets of bread were found at the convent's door. This miraculous event led to the title "Our Lady of Divine Providence," emphasizing Mary's role in providing for the needs of her children.

The devotion spread from Italy to Spain and eventually to Puerto Rico. In 1849, Bishop Gil Esteve y Tomas, who hailed from Barcelona, brought the devotion to the island when he became the bishop of Puerto Rico. He was deeply devoted to Our Lady of Divine Providence and sought her intercession to complete the construction of the Cathedral of San Juan Bautista. His prayers were answered, and the cathedral was completed in 1853. To honor her, Bishop Esteve commissioned a statue from Barcelona, depicting the Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus sleeping peacefully on her lap.

Patroness of Puerto Rico

On November 19, 1969, Pope Paul VI declared Our Lady of Divine Providence the patroness of Puerto Rico. This date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of Christopher Columbus's discovery of the island in 1493. The declaration was a significant moment for Puerto Ricans, as it recognized the deep-rooted devotion to Mary under this title and her importance in the spiritual life of the island.

The feast day of Our Lady of Divine Providence is celebrated on November 19th each year. It is a day of great significance for Puerto Ricans, marked by religious ceremonies, processions, and cultural festivities. The Cathedral of San Juan Bautista, where the statue of Our Lady of Divine Providence is enshrined, becomes a focal point for pilgrims and devotees.

Symbolism and Iconography

The statue of Our Lady of Divine Providence is a powerful symbol of trust and divine care. It depicts the Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus resting on her lap, his eyes closed in peaceful sleep. This imagery conveys a sense of serenity and trust in God's providence. Mary is shown gazing lovingly at her son, symbolizing her maternal care and intercession for all who seek her help.

The statue's serene depiction of Jesus sleeping on Mary's lap serves as a reminder of the Lord's providence and care for his people. It invites the faithful to place their trust in God's plan and to seek Mary's intercession in times of need.

Cultural Impact

Our Lady of Divine Providence has a profound cultural impact on Puerto Rican society. Her image is a source of comfort and inspiration for many, especially during times of hardship. The devotion to her is deeply woven into the fabric of Puerto Rican religious and cultural identity.

Throughout the island, numerous churches, schools, and institutions are dedicated to Our Lady of Divine Providence. Her feast day is celebrated with great enthusiasm, featuring traditional music, dances, and communal meals. The celebrations reflect the rich cultural heritage of Puerto Rico and the enduring faith of its people.

Conclusion

Our Lady of Divine Providence is more than just a religious figure; she is a symbol of hope, trust, and divine care for the people of Puerto Rico. Her story and the devotion to her highlight the importance of faith and the belief in God's providence. As the patroness of Puerto Rico, she continues to inspire and guide the faithful, reminding them of the power of prayer and the loving care of the Mother of God.

For more information on Our Lady of Divine Providence, you can visit [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Providence), the [National Catholic Register](https://www.ncregister.com/features/puerto-rico-s-our-lady-of-divine-providence-offers-an-invitation-to-trust), and the [Catholic Star Herald](https://catholicstarherald.org/our-lady-of-divine-providence-patroness-of-puerto-rico/).

Michael Lofton's Gaffe: Unreasonable & Non-Theological Use of "Novus Ordo"

Michael Lofton's Gaffe on the Novus Ordo: A Reflection

Michael Lofton, a well-known Catholic apologist and host of the amateur "Reason & Theology" show, recently found himself at the center of a controversy involving the "Novus Ordo" pejorative term. 

Lofton, who has attempted to build a reputation for his thoughtful and often provocative discussions on Catholic theology, made a significant gaffe that has sparked widespread debate within the Catholic community. This blog post delves into the details of the incident, the reactions it has elicited, and the broader implications for discussions on liturgical terms.

The Incident

On the comment forum for a video regarding the Mayan Rite recently approved by the Vatican, he described the Ordinary Form of the Mass as the "Novus Ordo Mass" despite the official name being the Ordinary Form.  We used our SacerdotusTV channel to offer a fraternal correction, however, Lofton or whoever monitors the "Reason and Theology" YouTube channel did not take the fraternal correction in a a charitable manner.  The account responded to our comment in an attempt to refute it in a contrarian tone.  We responded again, but the person behind the account was obstinate on accepting the facts despite the evidence presented. 

Reactions and Backlash

The reaction to Lofton's comments was swift and intense. Some Catholics agreed with our correction while others were quick to "like" his comment despite it being erroneous.   This led Lofton or whoever runs his accounts to post a screenshot of the Vatican website showing "Novus Ordo Missa." Some so-called "radical traditionalists" even commented on the channels with a "gotcha" tone in regards to Lofton admitting that the "Novus Ordo" is a made-up novelty Mass and is invalid.  

Lofton's Response

Lofton continued a back-and-forth exchange and posted on X (formerly known as Twitter.  He attempted to justify his use of "Novus Ordo" by an appeal to authority and ad populum.  Lofton or the person behind the YouTube channel was reluctant to accept the fact that "Novus Ordo" is not an official term used in Catholic Liturgical documents in reference to the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite. 

Broader Implications

The gaffe by Michael Lofton has broader implications for discussions on liturgy within the Catholic Church and proper terminology. It underscores the deep-seated divisions and ignorance of the Catholic faith that exist among armchair apologists, liturgists and social media influences looking to make profits via social media platforms.  

The incident also highlights the importance of careful and respectful dialogue when discussing sensitive topics such as liturgy.  As a public figure and apologist, Lofton's words carry significant weight with those who subscribe to his content, and his comments have the potential to influence the opinions and beliefs of many Catholics. This responsibility underscores the need for thoughtful and measured discourse and vetting of any content that alleges to be Catholic, especially on topics that have the potential to cause division within the Church.

Conclusion

Using the term "Novus Ordo" is based on either ignorance or spitefulness against Vatican II and the Catholic Church or a blend of both. It can be ignorance in that a person may use the term believing it to be legitimately correct and authentically representative and definitive of the Ordinary Form of the Mass or the Paul VI Missal.  However, most of the time the term is used as a pejorative term meant to dismiss the Ordinary Form of the Mass.  Nowhere in any Catholic Liturgical document is the Mass referred to as "TLM" or "Novus Ordo."  We explain the origin of this term here in this post: Sacerdotus: No Such Thing as 'Novus Ordo' in the Catholic Church.

Lofton should have known better if he is truly for "Reason and Theology."  Summorum Pontificum written by Pope Benedict XVI which gives more broad permissions to say the Extraordinary Form of the Mass is clear and never mentioned the Ordinary Form as "Novus Ordo. It states:

Art 1.  The Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI is the ordinary expression of the lex orandi (rule of prayer) of the Catholic Church of the Latin rite.  The Roman Missal promulgated by Saint Pius V and revised by Blessed John XXIII is nonetheless to be considered an extraordinary expression of the same lex orandi of the Church and duly honoured for its venerable and ancient usage.  These two expressions of the Church’s lex orandi will in no way lead to a division in the Church’s lex credendi (rule of faith); for they are two usages of the one Roman rite.

It is therefore permitted to celebrate the Sacrifice of the Mass following the typical edition of the Roman Missal, which was promulgated by Blessed John XXIII in 1962 and never abrogated, as an extraordinary form of the Church’s Liturgy.  The conditions for the use of this Missal laid down by the previous documents Quattuor Abhinc Annos and Ecclesia Dei are now replaced as follows:

Art. 2.  In Masses celebrated without a congregation, any Catholic priest of the Latin rite, whether secular or regular, may use either the Roman Missal published in 1962 by Blessed Pope John XXIII or the Roman Missal promulgated in 1970 by Pope Paul VI, and may do so on any day, with the exception of the Easter Triduum.  For such a celebration with either Missal, the priest needs no permission from the Apostolic See or from his own Ordinary.

Motu Proprio Summorum Pontificum on the "Roman liturgy prior to the reform of 1970" (July 7, 2007) | BENEDICT XVI

Note there is no mention of "Novus Ordo." The text describes the Ordinary Form as "Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI" and "..the ordinary expression... of the Latin rite."  Lofton in his comments erroneously claims and insists that the Church uses "Novus Ordo" to refer to the Ordinary Form of the Latin rite.  As you can see, this is false. He is simply not well read on the matter.  

Similarly, in the most recent Traditionis Custodes, the document does not mention "Novus Ordo" or even "TLM or Traditional Latin Mass" in reference to the Extraordinary form. It literally says in Latin "forma extraordinaria."  (see: Apostolic Letter issued “Motu proprio” by the Supreme Pontiff Francis “Traditionis custodes” on the use of the Roman Liturgy prior to the Reform of 1970, 16 July 2021 | Francis)

So we can see that the Catholic Church clearly describes the rite of 1962 as the "Extraordinary Form" and the rite of 1970 as the "Ordinary Form."  There is no mention of "Novus Ordo," "TLM," or even "Traditional Latin Mass."  These are colloquial definitions created by some Catholics in an attempt to create a narrative that there are two Masses and at some instances push the idea that one is invalid and the other is authentically Catholic.

By Lofton using the pejorative term "Novus Ordo," he is aligning himself with anti-Vatican II, anti-Ordinary Form, and anti-Pope Francis schismatics who attempt to push a false narrative based on ignorance or personal palates.  The term "Novus Ordo" makes no sense liturgically, historically or theologically.  The Mass CANNOT be new.  Jesus died once.  The Mass is a REPresentation of His Sacrifice on Calvary.  Therefore, there cannot be a "new sacrifice."  Hopefully, Mr. Lofton will be humble and accept our correction and issue one of his own and refrain from using "Novus Ordo" as it validates anti-Vatican II propaganda, is not used by the Catholic Church in official Liturgical documentation and is a term that lacks academic substance.

If not, he will be no different than Taylor Marshall, Rorate Caeli, One Peter Five, and others who push false narratives and are anti-Vatican II and anti-Pope Francis.  Then again, from online searches, it seems Mr. Lofton is seen as someone who may exhibit Dunning-Krueger syndrome and is not humble enough to accept facts and evidence that correct his errors.  On Reddit, we found this:

Michael Lofton? : r/Catholicism

This is why we at Sacerdotus cannot stress enough for Catholics and others to vet whatever content they come across that claims to be Catholic.  Many times, these so-called apologists and social media influences have a basic understanding of Catholicism and the Church's Liturgy.  The Catholic Church has the Catechism, the Bible, and documents in the form of decrees, motu propio, encyclicals and so on that officially and accurately present what the Church stands for and what she practices.  We do not need people on YouTube or any other outlet.  We can appreciate different views and takes, but we must go directly to the source for accurate knowledge: The Catholic Church.

 

33rd Sunday in Ordinary Time Year B: The End is Near

Reflection on the Readings for November 17, 2024 (Year B)

The readings for the Thirty-Third Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year B, offer profound insights into the themes of vigilance, hope, and the ultimate triumph of God's justice. As we approach the end of the liturgical year, these passages invite us to reflect on the end times and our readiness to stand before the Son of Man.

First Reading: Daniel 12:1-3

In the first reading from the Book of Daniel, we hear a prophetic vision of the end times. The archangel Michael, the great prince and guardian of the people, will arise during a time of unparalleled distress. This passage speaks of the resurrection of the dead, where some will awaken to everlasting life and others to shame and everlasting disgrace. The wise, however, will shine brightly like the splendor of the firmament, and those who lead many to justice will be like the stars forever.

This reading reminds us of the hope and promise of resurrection. It calls us to live wisely and justly, knowing that our actions have eternal consequences. The imagery of shining like stars encourages us to be beacons of light and justice in a world often overshadowed by darkness and distress.

Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 16:5, 8, 9-10, 11

The responsorial psalm echoes the themes of trust and confidence in God's protection. "You are my inheritance, O Lord!" the psalmist proclaims, expressing a deep sense of security and joy in God's presence. The psalmist's heart is glad, and his soul rejoices because he trusts that God will not abandon him to the netherworld or let his faithful one undergo corruption.

This psalm invites us to place our trust in God, who is our refuge and inheritance. It reassures us that, even in the face of death, God will show us the path to life and fullness of joy in His presence. It is a call to live with confidence and hope, knowing that God is always with us.

Second Reading: Hebrews 10:11-14, 18

The second reading from the Letter to the Hebrews contrasts the repeated sacrifices of the Old Testament priests with the one perfect sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Unlike the priests who stand daily offering sacrifices that can never take away sins, Jesus offered one sacrifice for sins and then took His seat forever at the right hand of God. By this single offering, He has made perfect forever those who are being consecrated.

This passage highlights the sufficiency and completeness of Christ's sacrifice. It reminds us that through Jesus' sacrifice, we are forgiven and made perfect in God's eyes. This assurance of forgiveness calls us to live in gratitude and to embrace the transformative power of Christ's sacrifice in our lives.

Gospel: Mark 13:24-32

In the Gospel reading, Jesus speaks to His disciples about the signs of the end times. He describes cosmic disturbances—the sun darkening, the moon not giving its light, and stars falling from the sky. These signs will precede the coming of the Son of Man in great power and glory. Jesus uses the parable of the fig tree to illustrate the importance of being vigilant and recognizing the signs of the times. He emphasizes that no one knows the day or hour of His return, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

This Gospel passage calls us to be vigilant and prepared for the coming of the Lord. It reminds us that while we may not know the exact time of His return, we are called to live in a state of readiness, always striving to align our lives with God's will. The imagery of the fig tree encourages us to be attentive to the signs around us and to live with a sense of urgency and purpose.

Conclusion

The readings for this Sunday invite us to reflect on our readiness for the end times and the ultimate triumph of God's justice. They call us to live wisely, trust in God's protection, embrace the sufficiency of Christ's sacrifice, and remain vigilant for the coming of the Son of Man.  These readings are a preparation for the upcoming season of Advent where we await the Lord's Coming.  

We have been seeing many signs in nature. The aurora borealis have been extremely strong the past couple of years even reaching Florida. We are seeing massive storms all over the globe and massive wildfires including many in the New York tri-state area where they never happen,  See: Sacerdotus: Brush Fires in the Northeast and the Impact of Climate Change.  We are still in the Covid-19 Coronavirus pandemic where this mysterious virus took hold of the world and many new viruses keep popping up. Many wars are happening around the world and so much division and discord even in the Catholic Church. We must always be on alert!   

As we meditate on these passages, let us renew our commitment to living justly, placing our trust in God, and being ever-watchful for His return.

May these reflections inspire us to live with hope, confidence, and a deep sense of purpose, knowing that our actions have eternal significance and that God's justice will ultimately prevail.

For more details on the readings, you can visit the [USCCB website](https://bible.usccb.org/bible/readings/111724.cfm).

Mr. Justin Welby Resigns from Anglican Communion

The Resignation of the Archbishop of Canterbury: A Detailed Overview

The resignation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, has sent ripples through the Anglican Communion and beyond. This blog post delves into the reasons behind his resignation, the implications for the Church of England, and the process of selecting his successor.

Background of the Resignation

Justin Welby, who has served as the Archbishop of Canterbury since 2013, announced his resignation in November 2024. The decision came in the wake of the Makin Review, an independent investigation into the Church of England's handling of allegations of abuse by John Smyth, a volunteer at Christian summer camps. The review found that Welby had failed to pursue an investigation into these allegations, which dated back to the 1970s.

In his resignation statement, Welby expressed deep sorrow and took personal and institutional responsibility for the Church's failures in addressing the abuse. He acknowledged the profound sense of shame he felt over the historic safeguarding failures and emphasized the need for change within the Church.

The Makin Review and Its Findings

The Makin Review, published in November 2024, exposed a long-standing conspiracy of silence regarding the abuses committed by John Smyth. Smyth, a Canadian-born British barrister, was involved in the physical and sexual abuse of at least 115 children and young men in England, Zimbabwe, and South Africa over a 40-year period.

The review criticized Welby for not taking appropriate action when he was informed of the allegations in 2013. Although Welby believed that the police had been notified, the review concluded that it was unlikely he had no knowledge of the concerns regarding Smyth in the 1980s.

Implications for the Church of England

Welby's resignation has significant implications for the Church of England and the broader Anglican Communion. As the spiritual leader of the Anglican community, the Archbishop of Canterbury plays a crucial role in guiding the Church's policies and addressing contemporary issues. Welby's departure leaves a leadership vacuum that must be filled promptly to ensure continuity and stability within the Church.

The resignation also highlights the ongoing challenges the Church faces in addressing past abuses and safeguarding its members. Welby's acknowledgment of the Church's failures and his decision to step down underscore the need for a renewed commitment to creating a safer and more accountable institution.

The Process of Selecting a Successor

The selection of the next Archbishop of Canterbury is a complex and carefully regulated process. The Crown Nominations Commission (CNC) is responsible for managing the choice of Welby's successor. The CNC comprises 17 voting members, including representatives from the Canterbury diocese, the General Synod, the Archbishop of York, and the global Anglican Communion.

The CNC must reach a two-thirds majority to recommend a candidate to the Crown. If Welby leaves office before a successor is nominated, the Archbishop of York will assume his responsibilities within the Church of England on an interim basis.

Conclusion

The resignation of Justin Welby as the Archbishop of Canterbury marks a significant moment in the history of the Church of England. It serves as a reminder of the importance of accountability and transparency in addressing past abuses and safeguarding the Church's future. As the Anglican Communion awaits the selection of a new spiritual leader, the focus remains on healing, reform, and the continued commitment to the values of the Church.

For more information and updates on the resignation and the selection process, you can visit the [Church Times](https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2024/15-november/news/uk/archbishop-of-canterbury-resignation-what-happens-next) and the 

[Anglican Communion](https://www.anglicancommunion.org/communications/updates-following-the-resignation-of-the-archbishop-of-canterbury.aspx) websites.

Red One: Movie Review

A Festive Delight: "Red One"

The holiday season is upon us, and what better way to get into the festive spirit than with a heartwarming and action-packed film? "Red One," directed by Jake Kasdan, is a delightful addition to the Christmas movie genre. Starring Dwayne Johnson and Chris Evans, this film brings together a perfect blend of humor, adventure, and holiday magic. Here's why "Red One" is a must-watch this season.

A Unique Take on Santa Claus

"Red One" reimagines the beloved figure of Santa Claus in a way we've never seen before. J.K. Simmons portrays a bench-pressing, snickerdoodle-cookie-loving Santa who is under the watchful eye of the Mythological Oversight and Restoration Authority (MORA). This modern twist on Santa adds a fresh and exciting dimension to the character, making him relatable and endearing to audiences of all ages.

Stellar Performances

The film boasts an impressive cast, with Dwayne Johnson and Chris Evans leading the charge. Johnson plays Callum Drift, the head of North Pole security, who is contemplating retirement after centuries of service. Evans portrays Jack O'Malley, a renowned hacker who unknowingly sells information revealing Santa's location. The chemistry between Johnson and Evans is electric, and their performances bring depth and charm to their characters.

Engaging Plot and Action-Packed Scenes

"Red One" takes viewers on a globetrotting adventure as Callum and Jack team up to rescue Santa from the clutches of the winter witch, Gryla, played by Kiernan Shipka. The film's plot is engaging and keeps audiences on the edge of their seats. The action scenes are well-choreographed and visually stunning, adding to the overall excitement of the film.

Heartwarming Themes

At its core, "Red One" is a film about faith, redemption, and the true spirit of Christmas. Callum's crisis of faith and his journey to rediscover the magic of Christmas is a central theme that resonates with viewers. The film also explores the importance of teamwork, friendship, and believing in the impossible. These heartwarming themes make "Red One" a perfect film for the holiday season.

Visual Spectacle

The film's visual effects are nothing short of spectacular. From the high-tech North Pole metropolis to the magical snow globes, "Red One" is a feast for the eyes. The attention to detail in the set design and special effects adds to the immersive experience, making viewers feel like they are part of the adventure.

Conclusion

"Red One" is a delightful and heartwarming film that captures the magic of Christmas in a unique and exciting way. With stellar performances, an engaging plot, and stunning visuals, it is a must-watch for anyone looking to get into the holiday spirit. So grab some popcorn, gather your loved ones, and enjoy the festive adventure that is "Red One."  I watched it with my nephew and we enjoyed it. While it has some swear words and comedic violiece, it is a fun movie to watch over the holidays. You won't be disappointed!

Trial of Daniel Penny: Part III

The Trial of Daniel Penny: A Comprehensive Overview

The trial of Daniel Penny, a former Marine, has captivated the nation, drawing attention to issues of public safety, mental health, and the use of force. Penny is charged with manslaughter and criminally negligent homicide following the death of Jordan Neely, a 30-year-old homeless man, on a New York City subway in May 2023. This blog post delves into the details of the trial, witness accounts, video evidence, and the medical examiner's testimony.

Background of the Case

On May 1, 2023, Jordan Neely boarded a northbound F train in Manhattan. Witnesses reported that Neely, who was known for his Michael Jackson impersonations, began behaving erratically, shouting that he was hungry, thirsty, and unafraid of going to jail. Daniel Penny, a 24-year-old Marine veteran, intervened by placing Neely in a chokehold, which he maintained for several minutes. Neely lost consciousness and was later pronounced dead at a hospital.

Witness Accounts

The trial featured testimony from numerous witnesses who were present on the subway that day. One witness, Eric Gonzalez, testified that he assisted Penny in restraining Neely, hoping that Penny would release the chokehold. Gonzalez stated that he told Penny, "I'm going to grab his hands so you can let go," but Penny did not release Neely until he went limp.

Another witness, Moriela Sanchez, made a 911 call during the incident, describing Neely's threatening behavior and expressing relief when Penny intervened. However, she also testified that Penny's hold seemed excessively tight and appeared to be intended to harm Neely.

Video Evidence

Video footage played a crucial role in the trial. Bystander videos captured the moments leading up to and following the chokehold. One video, recorded by Ivette Rosario, showed Penny maintaining the chokehold even after Neely had stopped moving. Rosario testified that she heard other passengers warning Penny that he was going to kill Neely.

Additionally, body camera footage from responding officers and Penny's voluntary police stationhouse interview were presented in court. In the interview, Penny demonstrated the chokehold and claimed he did not apply pressure, stating, "I just wanted to keep him from getting to people".

Medical Examiner's Testimony

Dr. Cynthia Harris, the medical examiner who performed Neely's autopsy, testified that Neely's cause of death was compression of the neck, or asphyxia. Harris presented autopsy photos showing hemorrhaging in Neely's neck, chest, and spleen, as well as small pools of blood in his eyes from ruptured blood vessels. She explained that these injuries were consistent with being placed in a chokehold for nearly six minutes.

Harris also addressed the presence of synthetic cannabinoids (K2) in Neely's system, but she testified that the drug did not contribute to his death. She emphasized that Neely's death was a direct result of the chokehold, stating, "It's my medical opinion that there are no alternative reasonable explanations for Mr. Neely's death".

Closing Arguments

In their closing arguments, the prosecution argued that Penny's actions were unnecessarily reckless and showed an indifference to Neely's life. They highlighted the duration of the chokehold and the warnings from other passengers as evidence of Penny's excessive use of force.

The defense, on the other hand, contended that Penny acted in self-defense and was trying to protect other passengers from Neely's threatening behavior. They argued that Penny's military training influenced his actions and that he did not intend to kill Neely.

Conclusion

The trial of Daniel Penny has raised important questions about the use of force, public safety, and the treatment of individuals experiencing mental health crises. As the jury deliberates, the nation watches closely, awaiting a verdict that will have significant implications for similar cases in the future.

This case serves as a reminder of the complexities involved in such incidents and the need for a nuanced understanding of the factors at play. Whether Penny's actions were justified or excessive is a matter for the jury to decide, but the trial has undoubtedly sparked a broader conversation about how society addresses these challenging situations.

More information:

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/05/marine-daniel-penny-kills-homeless.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/06/daniel-penny-jordan-williams-self.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2024/10/trial-begins-for-marine-daniel-penny.html

https://www.sacerdotus.com/2023/06/daniel-penny-arraigned-jordan-williams.html

Video makes clear that Jordan Neely died from fatal chokehold, even if he had enough drugs in his system to 'put down an elephant': ME

NYC medical examiner testifies at Daniel Penny trial in Jordan Neely chokehold | Fox News

Daniel Penny Trial Highlights Debate On Chokehold Use - The Pinnacle Gazette

Daniel Penny's chokehold was sole cause of Jordan Neely's death, medical examiner testifies

Brush Fires in the Northeast and the Impact of Climate Change

Brush Fires in the Northeast and the Impact of Climate Change

In recent years, the Northeast United States has experienced an alarming increase in brush fires, a phenomenon traditionally more associated with the arid landscapes of the West. This shift is a stark reminder of the pervasive impacts of climate change, which is altering weather patterns and exacerbating fire risks in regions previously considered less vulnerable.

The Current Situation

The Northeast has seen a significant uptick in brush fires, with recent incidents highlighting the severity of the situation. For instance, wildfires have raged across the region, fueled by warm, dry conditions and strong winds. Cities like New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut have been under red flag warnings, indicating a high risk of fire danger due to low humidity and dry vegetation. Fires in areas such as Brooklyn's Prospect Park and the Palisades in New Jersey have caused significant damage and posed serious threats to both natural habitats and human settlements.

Climate Change and Its Role

Climate change is a critical factor driving the increase in wildfire activity in the Northeast. The region has experienced historically dry conditions, with rainfall deficits exacerbating the dryness of vegetation, making it more susceptible to ignition. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported that last month was the second-warmest October on record, with rainfall significantly below average. These conditions create a perfect storm for wildfires, as dry fuels and high temperatures combine to increase fire risk.

How Climate Change Fuels Wildfires

1. Increased Temperatures: Global warming has led to higher average temperatures, which dry out vegetation and soil. This creates more fuel for fires and extends the fire season.

2. Drought Conditions: Prolonged periods of drought, intensified by climate change, reduce the moisture content in plants and trees, making them more flammable.

3. Extreme Weather Events: Climate change is linked to more frequent and severe weather events, such as heatwaves and strong winds, which can ignite and spread fires more rapidly.

4. Longer Fire Seasons: Warmer springs and longer, drier summers extend the fire season, increasing the window of time during which fires can occur.

The Human and Environmental Impact

The impact of these fires is profound. They not only destroy homes and infrastructure but also have severe environmental consequences. Wildfires release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, further exacerbating climate change. The loss of vegetation also reduces the land's ability to absorb carbon, creating a vicious cycle of increasing temperatures and more frequent fires.

Moreover, the smoke from wildfires poses significant health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with respiratory conditions. The recent fires in the Northeast have led to deteriorating air quality, prompting health advisories and highlighting the broader public health implications of climate change-induced wildfires.

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies

Addressing the growing threat of wildfires in the Northeast requires a multifaceted approach:

1. Improved Fire Management: Enhancing fire detection and response capabilities, including the use of technology such as drones and satellite imagery, can help manage and contain fires more effectively.

2. Vegetation Management: Reducing the amount of flammable vegetation through controlled burns and other land management practices can help mitigate fire risk.

3. Climate Action: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is crucial to slowing the pace of climate change and its associated impacts. This includes transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and supporting policies aimed at reducing carbon footprints.

4. Community Preparedness: Educating communities about fire risks and promoting preparedness measures, such as creating defensible spaces around homes and developing evacuation plans, can help reduce the impact of wildfires.

Conclusion

The increasing frequency and severity of brush fires in the Northeast are a clear indication of the far-reaching impacts of climate change. As the region grapples with these new challenges, it is imperative to adopt comprehensive strategies that address both the immediate risks and the underlying causes. By improving fire management, reducing emissions, and enhancing community resilience, we can better protect our environment and communities from the devastating effects of wildfires.

We are seeing weather patterns unlike anything before. It has not rained in months in the northeast!  These conditions have set up what we are seeing now with the massive wildfires taking place in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. It will only get worse if we do not act and cut down CO2 emissions. We have to make difficult choices if we are to keep the social order we have built in the world.  

It is clear not many want to heed the warnings despite seeing the effects of global warming taking hold on the climate.  Recently, I posted similar words to those on Instagram and X (formerly known as Twitter) under posts by the NYPD showcasing the arrival of the massive tree that will be displayed at Rockefeller Center for the holidays:

They need to start using an artificial one. Cutting down trees is contributing to the climate change. The northeast is already seeing the brush fires. According to the Arbor Day Foundation, in one year a mature tree will absorb more than 48 pounds of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen in exchange.

Almost immediately, I was met with ridiculous trolls posting jabs, insults, and mockery to the comment. It is extremely disturbing to see how ignorant people really are and how blind they are to reality.  Until the fires reach their doorstep or the waters in their homes, they will not listen.  We cannot wait until this happens.   Both Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis have been ahead of this situation commenting on its importance and even writing on them. Pope Francis even wrote two encyclicals titled Laudato Si calling the world to take action to protect and save the environment.  

: [MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/wildfires-rage-across-the-northeast-as-27-million-people-remain-under-fire-alerts/ar-AA1tNtxo)

: [Gothamist](https://gothamist.com/news/brush-fire-delays-amtrak-northeast-service-in-and-out-of-penn-station)

: [CBS News](https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/palisades-new-jersey-wildfire/)

: [NBC News](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/wildfires-rage-northeast-27-million-people-remain-fire-alerts-rcna179456)

: [USA Today](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2024/11/13/jennings-creek-fire-rapid-spread-conditions-stymie-crews/76263884007/)

: [Nature](https://www.nature.org/en-us/what-we-do/our-priorities/tackle-climate-change/climate-change-stories/extreme-wildfires-are-getting-worse-with-climate-change/)

: [Carbon Brief](https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-how-climate-change-is-affecting-wildfires-around-the-world/)

: [EPA](https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-wildfires)

: [Climate Council](https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/not-normal-climate-change-bushfire-web/)

St. Josaphat: The Martyr of Ecumenism

St. Josaphat: The Martyr of Ecumenism

St. Josaphat, born John Kunsevych in 1580 in Volodymyr, Ukraine, is a revered figure in the Catholic Church, known for his unwavering commitment to the unity of the Church and his dedication to the Eastern Catholic faithful. His life was marked by his bold and often dangerous mission to bridge divisions between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, making him one of the most impactful saints of his time.

Early Life and Vocation

John Kunsevych was born into a devout family that belonged to the Eastern Rite Church of Kyiv, which was then separated from Rome. From a young age, he displayed a strong spiritual inclination and was known for his deep sense of prayer and self-discipline. His spiritual path began with an apprenticeship to a merchant in Vilna, Lithuania, where he demonstrated exceptional business acumen. Despite being offered a lucrative partnership and a promising marriage proposal from his master’s family, he turned these down, feeling called to a religious life.

In 1604, John entered the Monastery of the Holy Trinity in Vilna, taking the name "Josaphat" and committing himself to a life of asceticism, prayer, and service. His dedication to his faith and his community was evident from the start, and he quickly became known for his profound preaching and his efforts to educate both clergy and laity on the importance of unity with the Church in Rome.

The Path to Priesthood and Ecumenism

Josaphat was ordained a priest shortly after joining the monastery. He dedicated his efforts to reuniting the Eastern and Western Christian traditions under the Union of Brest, a treaty that sought to bring Eastern Orthodox believers into communion with the Pope while preserving their Byzantine liturgy and customs. His ministry included profound preaching and an intensive campaign to educate clergy and laity alike on the importance of unity with the Church in Rome.

One of Josaphat’s significant achievements was publishing a new catechism designed to clarify Catholic doctrines, particularly focusing on the primacy of the Pope. He was also noted for advocating for strict adherence to ecclesiastical discipline among clergy, particularly in relation to marriage and celibacy. In the Eastern Catholic tradition, married men could become priests but were not allowed to remarry if widowed. Josaphat enforced this discipline, which at times brought him into conflict with local customs and drew resentment.

Bishop of Polotsk and the "Thief of Souls"

In 1617, Josaphat was appointed the Bishop of Polotsk, a region rife with religious division. He became known for his fervent sermons and writings defending unity with Rome and was nicknamed the "Thief of Souls" by those opposed to his mission. His words often inspired a deep reverence and love for Christ and the Church. One of his famous quotes encapsulates his courage and devotion: "I am ready to die for the holy union with Rome and for the supremacy of St. Peter." This line would foreshadow his ultimate martyrdom.

Josaphat’s efforts led to many conversions and a more devoted clergy, yet his success created resentment among some Orthodox believers who felt threatened by his reforms. Despite the opposition, he remained steadfast in his mission, continuing to preach and work towards unity.

Martyrdom and Legacy

Josaphat’s commitment to unity ultimately led to his martyrdom. On November 12, 1623, a mob opposed to his efforts broke into his residence in Vitebsk, Belarus. He was struck with a halberd, then shot, and his body was thrown into the river. His body was later recovered and is now buried in St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Josaphat was the first saint of the Eastern Church to be canonized by Rome, a testament to his significant impact on the Church.

His death brought a movement toward Catholicism and unity, but the controversy continued, and the dissidents, too, had their martyr. After the partition of Poland, the Russians forced most Ruthenians to join the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1964, newspaper photos of Pope Paul VI embracing Athenagoras I, the Orthodox patriarch of Constantinople, marked a significant step toward the healing of a division in Christendom that has spanned more than nine centuries.

Reflection

The life of St. Josaphat is a powerful reminder of the importance of unity and the sacrifices that come with it. His unwavering commitment to his faith and his mission to bridge divisions within the Church serve as an inspiration to all who seek to promote understanding and reconciliation. As we reflect on his life and legacy, we are called to embrace the spirit of ecumenism and work towards greater unity within the Christian community.

St. Josaphat’s feast day is celebrated on November 12, and he is remembered as a martyr for Christian unity. His life and work continue to inspire and guide those who strive for peace and reconciliation within the Church.

Source:

: [Franciscan Media](https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-josaphat/)

: [Aleteia](https://aleteia.org/daily-prayer/sunday-november-12-2)