Showing posts with label Temptation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Temptation. Show all posts

Monday, November 24, 2025

Satan Was the First to Rely on 'Sola Scriptura'

The Temptation in the Desert: Satan’s Misuse of Scripture and Jesus’ Faithful Response

On November 23, 2025, at 23:19 UTC, @Sacerdotus posted an intriguing observation on X: "Did you know satan used SolaScriptura against Jesus in the desert? He tells Jesus He can command stones to turn to bread, this is a link to Job 28:5. Catholic CatholicX." This succinct statement opens a fascinating theological discussion about the nature of Scripture, its interpretation, and its potential misuse—even by the tempter himself. In this blog post, we will delve deeply into the biblical account of Jesus’ temptation in the desert (Matthew 4:1-11, Luke 4:1-13), explore how Satan may have employed a distorted form of sola scriptura, analyze Jesus’ scriptural rebuttals, and reflect on the broader implications for contemporary Christian practice—particularly the tendency of some Protestants to "bash" others, including Catholics, with misinterpretations. Ultimately, we will argue that the Bible, as the Word of God, should inspire and transform hearts, not serve as a weapon to provoke anger or division.


 The Context: Jesus’ Temptation in the Desert

The temptation of Jesus is a pivotal moment in the Gospels, recounted in Matthew 4:1-11, Luke 4:1-13, and briefly in Mark 1:12-13. After His baptism by John the Baptist, where the Holy Spirit descended and the Father’s voice affirmed Jesus as His beloved Son (Matthew 3:16-17), Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness. There, He fasted for forty days and nights, a period echoing the Israelites’ forty years of wandering and testing in the desert (Exodus 16:35, Deuteronomy 8:2). Weakened by hunger, Jesus faced Satan, who tempted Him with three challenges designed to exploit His human vulnerability and divine authority.

The first temptation, which @Sacerdotus highlights, involves Satan suggesting that Jesus turn stones into bread to satisfy His hunger. The second temptation urges Jesus to throw Himself from the pinnacle of the Temple, relying on angels to save Him. The third temptation offers Jesus all the kingdoms of the world in exchange for worshiping Satan. Each temptation is a test of Jesus’ identity, obedience, and trust in God’s plan. Remarkably, Satan does not rely solely on deception or brute force; he weaves his temptations with references to Scripture, a tactic that invites us to consider the principle of sola scriptura in a new light.


 Satan’s Use of Sola Scriptura: A Distorted Approach

The doctrine of sola scriptura, Latin for "by Scripture alone," emerged as a cornerstone of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, championed by figures like Martin Luther and John Calvin. It asserts that the Bible is the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice, superseding church tradition or ecclesiastical interpretation (Wikipedia, "Sola Scriptura," 2025-09-25). While this principle aimed to correct perceived abuses within the medieval Catholic Church, it also opened the door to individual interpretation, sometimes leading to division and misapplication—issues highlighted in the Marburg Colloquy of 1529, where Luther and Zwingli clashed over the Eucharist despite both appealing to Scripture (Hess & Allen, Catholicism and Science, 2008).

@Sacerdotus suggests that Satan employed a primitive form of sola scriptura during the temptation, using Scripture to challenge Jesus. Let’s examine the first temptation in detail. In Matthew 4:3, Satan says, "If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread." On the surface, this seems like a straightforward taunt, questioning Jesus’ divine sonship. However, @Sacerdotus links this to Job 28:5, which states, "The earth, out of which food comes, is transformed below as by fire." This verse describes God’s provision of sustenance from the earth, a theme that could be twisted to suggest that Jesus, as the Son of God, has the power and right to command nature for His own needs.

Satan’s approach mirrors sola scriptura in that he isolates a scriptural idea—God’s provision—and applies it out of context to justify a self-serving action. He does not appeal to tradition, community discernment, or the broader narrative of God’s will; instead, he presents a solitary verse as sufficient authority. This selective citation aligns with the critique that sola scriptura, when misapplied, can lead to "inherently divisive" interpretations, as Hess and Allen argue, because it lacks an infallible interpreter to ensure fidelity to the text’s intent (ibid.).

In the second temptation (Matthew 4:6), Satan escalates this tactic, quoting Psalm 91:11-12 directly: "He will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways. On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone." Here, Satan invites Jesus to test God by leaping from the Temple, relying on angelic protection as a proof of His identity. Again, Satan uses Scripture in isolation, ignoring the psalm’s context of trusting God in everyday life rather than staging a dramatic spectacle.

These instances reveal Satan as a master of proof-texting—extracting verses to support a preconceived agenda. This mirrors a danger observed in some Protestant circles, where individuals or groups wield Scripture as a weapon against others, often targeting Catholics with accusations of idolatry, Mariology, or sacramentalism. For example, anti-Catholic polemics frequently cite 1 Timothy 2:5 ("For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus") to challenge the Catholic veneration of saints, ignoring the broader biblical witness to the communion of saints (e.g., Revelation 5:8). Such misuse echoes Satan’s strategy: a partial truth twisted to sow confusion.


 Jesus’ Rebuttal: Scripture in Its Fullness

Jesus’ response to Satan’s temptations demonstrates a profound mastery of Scripture, rooted not in isolation but in the whole counsel of God. In each case, He counters with verses from Deuteronomy, drawn from Israel’s desert experience, which parallel His own testing. For the first temptation, Jesus replies, "It is written, ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God’" (Matthew 4:4, quoting Deuteronomy 8:3). This verse recalls how God sustained the Israelites with manna, teaching them dependence on His word rather than their own devices. Jesus affirms that His mission transcends physical sustenance, aligning with the Father’s plan of salvation.

To the second temptation, Jesus retorts, "Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test’" (Matthew 4:7, quoting Deuteronomy 6:16). This references Israel’s rebellion at Massah, where they demanded water as a sign of God’s presence (Exodus 17:1-7). Jesus refuses to manipulate divine power for self-validation, trusting in God’s timing and purpose. Finally, to the third temptation, He declares, "Be gone, Satan! For it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and him only shall you serve’" (Matthew 4:10, quoting Deuteronomy 6:13). This echoes the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-5), Israel’s foundational confession of monotheism, and rejects Satan’s offer of worldly power.

Jesus’ use of Scripture differs sharply from Satan’s. While Satan cherry-picks verses to suit his aims, Jesus integrates them into the narrative of God’s covenant with Israel, revealing a deep understanding of context and intent. This approach aligns with the Catholic and Orthodox traditions, which emphasize Scripture alongside Tradition and the Church’s magisterial authority as a safeguard against distortion. It also challenges the sola scriptura model when applied without discernment, suggesting that Scripture’s authority is best realized within a community of faith guided by the Holy Spirit.


 The Danger of Weaponizing Scripture

The parallel between Satan’s tactics and certain Protestant practices raises a critical question: Can the Bible be "weaponized" to "show someone up"? Unfortunately, history and contemporary discourse provide ample evidence of this tendency. The Reddit thread "Anyone else tired of weaponizing Scripture?" (r/Christianity, 2019-08-18) captures the frustration of believers who see verses ripped from context to serve personal or sectarian agendas. The post notes, "They never consult what the Christian community has believed for two thousand years. They never consult the verses surrounding that verse, because obviously context doesn’t matter." This mirrors Satan’s approach, using Scripture as a tool for baiting rather than building up.

In the context of Catholic-Protestant relations, this weaponization often takes the form of misinterpretations aimed at discrediting Catholic doctrine. For instance, the Catholic practice of praying to saints is attacked with Hebrews 4:16 ("Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace"), implying direct access to God negates intercession. Yet, this ignores the biblical precedent of asking others to pray for us (e.g., James 5:16) and the heavenly intercession of the saints (Revelation 8:3-4). Such arguments, like Satan’s temptations, rely on selective reading rather than holistic interpretation.

This behavior imitates Satan the tempter, who sought to bait Jesus into confusion and disobedience. When Christians use Scripture to provoke anger or division—whether in online debates or pulpit polemics—they replicate this dynamic, turning the Word of God into a source of strife rather than reconciliation. The Apostle Paul warns against such misuse: "For the word of the cross is folly to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God" (1 Corinthians 1:18). The Bible is not a bludgeon but a revelation of God’s love, intended to draw people into relationship with Him.


 The Bible as a Source of Grace: The Road to Emmaus

The proper role of Scripture is beautifully illustrated in the Road to Emmaus narrative (Luke 24:13-35). After His resurrection, Jesus joins two disciples, explaining the Scriptures and causing their "hearts to burn within them" (Luke 24:32). This burning sensation is not anger or contention but a transformative encounter with the living Word. The Bible, as the inspired Word of God (2 Timothy 3:16), is meant to warm the "stone heart" (Ezekiel 36:26) and melt it to receive God’s grace. It inspires awe, repentance, and love, as seen in the conversion of figures like Augustine, who was moved by hearing Romans 13:13-14.

In contrast, weaponizing Scripture produces the opposite effect—hardening hearts with pride or resentment. The tempter’s goal in the desert was to derail Jesus from His mission; similarly, misusing the Bible today can lead people away from Christ rather than toward Him. As the Reddit thread suggests, "The problem is too many ONLY cite sections of scripture. They’re too lazy or dismissive to actually say why that section is valid." True engagement with Scripture requires humility, context, and a willingness to listen to the Church’s two-thousand-year tradition, which includes both Catholic and Orthodox insights alongside Protestant contributions.


 A Call to Faithful Interpretation

For those who subscribe to sola scriptura, the temptation to imitate Satan’s approach is a risk worth acknowledging. The principle, while valuable in emphasizing Scripture’s authority, can devolve into individualism if divorced from the historic faith community. Catholics, with their triad of Scripture, Tradition, and Magisterium, offer a counterbalance, ensuring that interpretation remains tethered to the apostles’ teaching (Acts 2:42). Yet, all Christians—Protestant, Catholic, or otherwise—must guard against using the Bible to "show someone up," recognizing that its ultimate purpose is to reveal Christ (John 5:39).

In the desert, Jesus triumphed not by rejecting Scripture but by wielding it with fidelity to God’s will. His example calls us to approach the Bible with reverence, seeking to be transformed rather than to triumph over others. As we navigate theological differences, let us emulate the Emmaus disciples, whose hearts burned with recognition of the risen Lord, rather than the tempter, whose words sought to divide and destroy.


 Conclusion

@Sacerdotus’ observation about Satan using sola scriptura against Jesus invites us into a profound reflection on the power and peril of Scripture. By linking the temptation to turn stones into bread with Job 28:5, and noting Jesus’ reliance on Deuteronomy, we see a clash between distortion and truth. This dynamic resonates with contemporary debates, where misinterpretations—especially against Catholics—mirror Satan’s tactics. Yet, the Bible’s true calling is to ignite hearts with grace, as on the Road to Emmaus, not to fuel religious arguments. Let us, like Jesus, use Scripture to worship and serve God alone, trusting that its power lies in its ability to draw us into His presence, not to prove us right.


Sunday, March 9, 2025

First Sunday of Lent: Walking With Jesus - Year C

Below is a reflection on the Catholic readings for March 9, 2025, which is the First Sunday of Lent. These readings are based on the liturgical calendar for Year C, as confirmed by various Catholic sources for that date. The readings are Deuteronomy 26:4-10, Romans 10:8-13, Psalm 91:1-2, 10-15, and Luke 4:1-13. Since it’s the First Sunday of Lent, this reflection will also tie into the broader themes of the Lenten season.


Reflection on the Readings for March 9, 2025 – First Sunday of Lent
The readings for the First Sunday of Lent on March 9, 2025, invite us into a journey of trust, identity, and resilience—themes that resonate deeply with the spirit of Lent. As we begin this season of penance, fasting, and prayer, the scriptures call us to reflect on where we place our faith and how we respond to the temptations that seek to pull us away from God.
In the first reading from Deuteronomy 26:4-10, Moses instructs the people to offer the firstfruits of the land to God and to recount their history of deliverance. This act is not just a ritual but a declaration of dependence and gratitude. The Israelites recall their humble beginnings—“My father was a wandering Aramean”—and God’s mighty intervention, bringing them out of Egypt into a land flowing with milk and honey. Lent echoes this narrative of liberation. It’s a time to strip away distractions and offer our own “firstfruits”—our time, our attention, our very selves—back to God, remembering that we, too, are a people redeemed by His hand. What are the Egypts we need to leave behind this Lent? What enslaves us—pride, comfort, or fear—that we might surrender to God’s freeing love?
The Responsorial Psalm (Psalm 91:1-2, 10-15) reinforces this trust with a promise of protection: “He who dwells in the shelter of the Most High… no evil shall befall you.” These words prepare us for the Gospel, where Jesus will face temptation head-on, yet they also comfort us as we enter Lent’s desert. God does not abandon us in our struggles; He is our refuge. When we call on Him, as the psalmist assures, He answers. This Lent, we’re invited to dwell more intentionally in His presence through prayer, trusting that He walks with us through every trial.
Paul’s words in Romans 10:8-13 remind us that salvation is near, accessible to all who call on the Lord’s name. “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart,” he writes, urging us to confess Jesus as Lord and believe in His resurrection. Lent is not about earning God’s love—it’s already ours—but about deepening our response to it. Paul’s message challenges us to examine our hearts: Do we truly live as if Jesus is Lord? This season calls us to align our words and actions with our faith, letting go of whatever contradicts that confession.
Finally, the Gospel from Luke 4:1-13 brings us into the desert with Jesus, where He fasts for forty days and faces the devil’s temptations. Each test—turning stones to bread, seizing worldly power, testing God’s protection—strikes at the core of Jesus’ identity as the Son of God. Yet, He counters every lure with scripture, rooting Himself in God’s truth. This scene is the heartbeat of Lent: a forty-day journey into our own deserts, where we confront our weaknesses and temptations. Like Jesus, we’re tempted to seek instant gratification, control, or proof of God’s care instead of trusting His timing and will. But Jesus shows us the way—steadfast reliance on God’s word and a refusal to let anything usurp His place in our lives.
Lent begins with this powerful reminder: we are God’s beloved, called to trust Him above all else. The desert isn’t a punishment but a place of purification, where we learn who we are and whose we are. As we fast, pray, and give alms this season, let’s draw strength from these readings. Like the Israelites, let’s recount God’s faithfulness. Like Paul, let’s proclaim Jesus as Lord with our whole lives. And like Jesus, let’s stand firm in the desert, trusting that the God who delivered us before will lead us through to Easter’s joy.
Humility is key to defeating satan. Satan is all about pride. He thinks he is equal to God. He did not know Jesus was God, and that is why he set out to tempt Him. Satan is not omniscient. Movies today love to portray satan like this demigod that has all this power against man and nature. This is not so. Satan is only allowed to do things when God permits. God is the Lord. God is the one in charge. Because satan is prideful, humility is the only way he can be defeated. He does not need food, water, or housing. He does not need weapons or anything. If you attempt to fight him on human strengths, you will fail. If you try to "outsmart" satan, you will fail. He has a superior intellect only due to the fact that he is not limited to physicality. However, satan does not know humility. He cannot address it. He does not know how to combat it. It is like a martial arts expert facing a boxer in a boxing match. The martial arts experts, despite possessing amazing fighting skills, will not be able to defeat a boxer in his own field. So be humble!

Monday, February 19, 2024

A Reflection on Temptation

 

Reflection on Temptation

Temptation is a common experience for all of us. We are constantly faced with choices between good and evil, between virtue and vice, and between love and selfishness. How can we resist temptation and grow in holiness? How can we avoid falling into sin and despair?

One of the best guides for this spiritual struggle is St. Francis de Sales, the 17th-century bishop and doctor of the Church, who wrote extensively on the topic of temptation in his classic work, Introduction to the Devout Life. He offers us many practical and profound insights on how to deal with temptation, based on his own experience and the teachings of Scripture and the saints.

Here are some of his main points:

- Temptation is not a sin, but an opportunity to prove our love for God. "The most excellent method of proving our love for God is to endure temptations for His love's sake" (Part 4, Chapter 2).

- God allows us to be tempted for our own good, to test our faith, to humble us, to increase our merit, and to make us more like Christ. "God never permits such great trials to assail us as may overthrow us; or if He does, He gives us strength proportionate to the trial" (Part 4, Chapter 2).

- We should not be surprised or discouraged by temptation, but rather trust in God's grace and providence. "Do not lose courage in considering your own imperfections, but instantly set about remedying them -- every day begin the task anew" (Part 1, Chapter 9).

- We should not expose ourselves to unnecessary temptations, but avoid the occasions of sin as much as possible. "It is easier to avoid occasions of sin than to overcome temptations" (Part 3, Chapter 4).

- We should resist temptations promptly and firmly, without entering into dialogue with the enemy. "The first onset of all temptations is easily overcome, but if neglected it grows stronger" (Part 4, Chapter 3).

- We should pray fervently and frequently for God's help, especially invoking the holy names of Jesus and Mary. "Prayer is a sovereign remedy; it lifts up the soul to God, who is our only joy and consolation" (Part 4, Chapter 3).

- We should have recourse to the sacraments of confession and communion, which are powerful means of grace and healing. "Confession cleanses the soul from sin; Communion unites it with Jesus Christ" (Part 2, Chapter 19).

- We should seek the advice and support of a wise and pious spiritual director or friend, who can guide us and comfort us in our difficulties. "A faithful friend is a strong defense; he that hath found him hath found a treasure" (Ecclesiasticus 6:14).

- We should meditate on the passion and death of Christ, who suffered for our sins and gave us an example of patience and obedience. "Consider Him that endured such contradiction of sinners against Himself; lest you be wearied and faint in your minds" (Hebrews 12:3).

- We should imitate the saints, who overcame many temptations by their love for God and their fidelity to His will. "They were tempted that they might be victorious; they fought that they might triumph; they conquered that they might be crowned" (St. Bernard).

By following these counsels of St. Francis de Sales, we can hope to overcome temptation and grow in holiness. As he says: "The more violent our temptations are, the more glorious will be our victory; because both our merit and our reward depend upon the greatness of our love; and love is great in proportion as it costs us dear" (Part 4, Chapter 2).

St. Francis de Sales tells us that no one welcomes temptation. Jesus Himself did not seek it. He was led by the Spirit to the desert to be tempted and quite frankly, annoyed (Matthew 4:1).  He also tells us that temptation is never found among sinners or those who are manifest sinners who have grown accustomed or used to living in sin. This is because Satan already has them. He has no reason to tempt the people he already has. Temptation only comes when we say yes to God and begin our journey in the spiritual life. This is why we often wonder why bad things happen to good people. We read in the book of Job the hardships that Job faced. Satan was allowed to torment this humble soul (Job 1:12).

Despite those hardships, what did Job do? Did he curse God? Did he condemn God's actions saying God has no concern for anyone? Did he say God was asleep or did not exist because of the hardships?  No!  Job's reply was 

“Naked I came from my mother’s womb, and naked I will depart.[The Lord gave and the Lord has taken away; may the name of the Lord be praised.” -Job 1:20

In light of this, when temptation comes and IT WILL COME, we must be ready to accept it and deal with it.  It is important to note that Satan will not always attack us where we are weak. He will attack where we are strong.  For example, if we are good with meditation but bad with humility, Satan will attack the strength of meditation.  This is because the humility in us is already weak, so he does not have to do much work there.  

Take the story of Jesus in the desert for example in Luke 4:1-13. Satan knew Jesus was hungry, so he demanded Jesus turn stones into bread.  There is probably nothing worse than hunger. Some people even get "hangry" or moody when they are hungry and may behave in an animalistic manner devoid of all reason. In the presence of food, our mouths salivate without thinking. Eating is an important part of existence and is necessary for it. So imagine telling Jesus who did not eat for 40 days and nights to turn stones into bread.  This is why Satan requested this.  

Moreover, he most likely saw the people treating Jesus in a special manner with deference, so Satan offered Jesus the kingdoms of the world believing Jesus would take the bait and say yes.  He thought Jesus was like an influencer on social media today who seeks attention for "likes," a narcissist.  Jesus was far from that! Satan also tells Jesus to literally throw Himself off a cliff so the angels can catch Him. Again, he does this because he most likely saw what happened at Jesus' baptism when the dove appeared and a voice said that this is my beloved Son (Matthew 3:16-17).  Remember, Satan IS NOT all-knowing. He is not omniscient. Only God is. Satan is limited just like human beings are. The only difference is that he existed before humans and is a spirit, not a body and soul like humans. Satan can only know what he observes just like we can only know what we observe.  

The key is to be on alert always as 1 Peter 5:8-9 says.  Satan and his demons are always on the prowl looking to prey on the children of God.  Our response is to pray when we are the prey.  He did it with Adam, Eve, and Jesus, do not think he will not go after you.  The advice from St. Francis de Sales is helpful, but may I add a few more ideas.  

  • Reading and meditating on Sacred Scripture is essential, particularly the Psalms which often deal with temptation and hardships. 
  • Devotions are important. Whether it be the Rosary, chaplet to the Divine Mercy, Litanies, or anything else, they are extremely helpful in keeping our minds and souls distracted from temptation. 
  • Regularly confessing sins brings about sanctifying grace that strengthens the soul. It is also not a mystery that frequent reception of Holy Communion is the ultimate source of grace. Be sure to receive only when in a state of grace, never while in mortal sin. Receiving Holy Communion while in mortal sin is like putting on an expensive suit or dress while not having bathed in 10 years, or like putting on expensive shoes or Jordan sneakers that cost over $500 when your feet smell demonic.  
  • Silence is another form to use to battle temptation. Not giving attention to the temptation helps enormously. This is why even exorcists are trained to ignore the demon(s) and focus on the rite of exorcism instead. Ignoring someone takes away their power. This is why Jesus remained silent in the face of accusers.  He took away their power and focused on His mission. There is also nothing more powerful than a moment of silence. When we mourn someone and have it, there is an ambiance of energy and strength that fills the room.  There is a sense as if time has stopped. The same sensation is also noted in a church where the people are respectful and keep silent.  Entering a church where one hears nothing allows the senses to focus on the imagery found, and most importantly, the Tabernacle where Jesus is truly present. 
  • Never entertain the temptation. St. Francis de Sales tells us in his sermon for the first Sunday of Lent that we should never be prideful thinking we have the power to overcome the devil and his temptations.  Satan thrives on cockiness.  He is the little horn that spews blasphemy against God (Daniel 7:25, Revelation 13:5).  Only humility can defeat a demonic attack.
  • Humility in the world is seen as a weakness.  This is true especially among males and particularly in conservative squares. The term "beta male" is often used to describe men who they see as weak. Manhood is measured against these terms. In reality, the humble man, woman, or child is the most powerful. This is because they can face anything and nothing phases them. Their humility takes control against tempers, disrespect, irreverence, and even violence. All we have to do is let go and let God.  God will fight for us, we just have to be still; He will avenge us. (Exodus 14:14, Psalm 46:10, Romans 12:19-21).
  • The use of Sacramentals is important as well. Unfortunately, modern clerics and lay Catholics often dismiss Sacramentals as superstition or medieval nonsense. This is only a testament to their inner corruption. Sacramentals are holy reminders. The Catechism of the Catholic Church describes them as: 
  • 1667 "Holy Mother Church has, moreover, instituted sacramentals. These are sacred signs which bear a resemblance to the sacraments. They signify effects, particularly of a spiritual nature, which are obtained through the intercession of the Church. By them men are disposed to receive the chief effect of the sacraments, and various occasions in life are rendered holy."173 1677 Sacramentals are sacred signs instituted by the Church. They prepare men to receive the fruit of the sacraments and sanctify different circumstances of life.

    These actions or objects prepare us to receive grace. They remind us of the mysteries of Christ and how they applied to His Mother Mary and our Mother and to the saints.  Wearing medals or a scapular helps us during temptations. They are reminders that God is with us and protecting us. They remind us that Our Lady, the angels and saints are with us and rooting for our success.  Human beings are sensual beings. They rely on input from the senses to learn and grow. Sacramentals play a huge role in this. They aid the biology and psychology of the human person in guiding the spiritual.  All aspects of the human being are at work. This is why it is important for even priests and religious to wear their cassocks, collars, and habits. These are sacramentals as well. 

In closing, temptations are real. They will come once we take God and the spiritual life seriously. If we remain in the world, temptations will not come. This is because we are already on Satan's side. He has no reason to tempt in this regard. However, once we follow God and His ways, that is when temptation will come.  Satan is intelligent and observes us. He will know where to target, so always be on alert.  Arm yourself with spiritual tools and weapons so you can overcome the temptation. 

May God grant us the grace to resist temptation and to love Him above all things. Amen.



Sunday, March 1, 2020

1st Sunday of Lent: Temptation

Today is the first Sunday of Lent.  Today's readings deal with temptation, the fall of man, the public work of redemption, and victory.  

The first reading is from Genesis which speaks in an allegorical sense of how God formed man from the clay of the Earth and breathed life into him.  We were reminded of this a few days ago on Ash Wednesday.  

It continues with the story of how man was placed to live in the Garden of Eden and had access to all, but was warned not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. Eating of the fruit of this tree would bring about death.  Interestingly enough, the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil as well as the Tree of Life are placed in the middle of the Garden making them more visible and distinct.  Here we see how the test to man is played out.

The story continues with the introduction of a serpent who is cunning and very intelligent.  This serpent approaches the woman named Eve and proceeds to manipulate her by casting doubt to God's command not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  He says to her, "Did God really tell you not to eat from any of the trees in the garden?"  The woman then gives him an explanation as to what they can and cannot do in regards to eating fruit in the garden.  The serpent replies, "You certainly will not die!  No, God knows well that the moment you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods who know what is good and what is evil."  The argument from the serpent was convincing.  The fruit seemed harmless and possibly identical to that of the Tree of Life or any other fruits in the garden.  Plus, what's wrong with becoming gods?  The woman then took some of its fruit and ate it and then shared it with the man.  Immediately they realized that they were naked and sewed fig leaves to make loincloths to cover up.

This story shows how sin entered the world.  It shows how temptation plays a big role before we fall into sin.  Adam and Eve were told not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, but they did at the behest of a serpent who is later identified as Satan or the fallen angel Lucifer.  We know this serpent to be Satan because man is the only being capable of reasoning and speech.  No other animals can reason or talk, so this serpent is another entity who is not human.  Since God only created two rational beings, angels and humans, we know that this serpent has to be an angel and link him to Lucifer because he was cast down from Heaven and was roaming the Earth.  

The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil and how it was placed in the garden tells us that God was testing the first human beings.  The human brain is set up in a way to pay more attention to things in the center of attention, so to speak.  This is called the 'attenuator' in cognitive psychology. The term comes from Attenuation Theory proposed by Anne Marie Treisman, a psychologist and academic at Princeton who posits that our brains focus on things that stand out.  When we see a monument or some structure in the middle of everything else we automatically focus attention on it and assume that it is an important thing and become curious about it. Human beings are curious creatures. In fact, they are often more curious that cats who are usually the ones who get blamed for their own deaths due to their curiosities.  With the onset of social media, especially MySpace, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and TikTok, we can see now more than ever how curious human beings are. They are so curious that they actually post their antics on these outlets even if they are embarrassing or dangerous.  A study I read showed that if one or two people stand in any place and stare up or just simply stand, after a while, one will see a crowd forming. Human beings in the study were found to be very curious to the point of gathering to observe whatever the situation is. Adam and Eve as the first humans were the same. They took were curious just like their descendants today. Humans look to things that trigger curiosity.

The same can be said of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. This object got the attention of humanity's parents.  The story also shows how human beings will always do the opposite of what they are told.  Usually when we are told NOT to do something, this builds up curiosity to to point that we actually do what we were told not to do. We can observe this in children who often "test" their limits by disobeying parents.  As adults, this behavior pretty much goes unchanged.  In a sense, God was doing the first psychology experiment. As an atheist, I noticed this and began to believe that Scripture is truly inspired by God. Despite being a collection of ancient texts written by common people who did not have doctorate degrees or knowledge in science or psychology, the writers got way to many facts right regarding human behavior and psychology.  Someone way more intelligent and knowledgeable must have been guiding the process.  In life it is usually the things that bring us harm that appear to be good just like the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  Psychology centuries later figured out what Scripture already told us. 

The Responsorial Psalm is said as a response to the first reading so today's Psalm obviously is from Ps 51 using the refrain, "Be merciful, o Lord, for we have sinned."  The Psalm recited today is a song about mercy and contrition.  We ask God for mercy, ask Him to cleanse our souls and wash us of our guilt.  We admit our failings and recall how God sees our sinful actions.  We ask for the joy of salvation despite our failings so that we can continue to praise God with a clean heart.  This Psalm is meant to ask God for mercy after reading the first reading about the fall of our first parents. Though the sin of Adam and Eve is not our fault, we inherit its effects.  The damage caused by Original Sin opens us up to Actual Sin which is done directly by us and can be Mortal or Venial. 

Original sin is then brought up in the second reading from Romans 5:12-19.  St. Paul opens up the letter to the Romans by saying, "Brothers and Sisters: Through one man sin entered the world, and through sin, death, and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned."  The rest of the letter goes on to explain how Original Sin brought about the destruction of man.  Evil, death, sickness and other anomalies in nature exist because of the disorder that Original Sin brought to the world. However, only one man who is also God has undone this and His name is Christ Jesus.  Jesus is the "New Adam" who came to restore creation to what it is supposed to be.  Jesus came to do "damage control," so to speak.  St. Paul closes the letter by telling us that just like Original Sin, death etc entered the world through one man, so too does grace, holiness and righteousness entered the world through Christ Jesus who is both man and God.

These readings then lead up to the Gospel which is from Matthew 4:1-11 and tells of the story of
Christ's temptation.  After Jesus was baptized by St. John the Baptist, He went into the desert for 40 days. The number 40 in the Bible is a symbol meaning preparation, penance or cleansing, and/or a time of trial/test.  We read that Jesus is in the desert with no food or drink due to fasting. The tempter, or Satan appears to Him and tells Him, "If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become loaves of bread."  

He does this in order to tempt Christ because after fasting 40 days, naturally anyone will be starving and even a slice of bread sounds like an eight course meal. Jesus does not fall for this trick and replies, "It is written:  One does not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes forth from the mouth of God." In other words, Jesus is saying that while we need food, it is ultimately God who has the final say as to whether or not we live or die. Eating food does not guarantee our lives or existence and can even kill us.  It is God who is in control of our existence.  

The Gospel account continues with Satan taking Christ to the holy city and placed Him on the parapet of the temple so He could see all from that height.  Satan says to Him, "If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down.  For it is written:  He will command his angels concerning you and with their hands they will support you, lest you dash your foot against a stone."  Here Satan is twisting Scripture to his advantage.  He is quoting from Psalm 91:11-12 showing that Satan does know the Scriptures well and interprets them in a way that will favor his views; hence, he is the "cunning serpent" mentioned in the first reading.  Satan mentions this Psalm in order to test Christ and in a sense, mock God.  He is pretty much telling Christ to commit suicide by jumping off a high place since according to Psalm 91, God will send angels to catch Him.  Jesus replies, "Again it is written, You shall not put the Lord, your God, to the test."  Here Christ is correcting the literal interpretation of Satan.  God sends angels and intervenes in space at time as His own discretion, not ours. Sometimes we, especially non-believers doubt God's existence when we hear of children dying, or some tragedy occurring which could have been prevented if God sent angels or even intervened directly.  However, this is not how it works.  We are not the gods of God.  We have no right to demand anything from God or have a sense of entitlement.  

Lastly, Satan takes Christ to a high mountain and shows Him all the kingdoms of the world and tells Him, "All these I shall give to you, if you will prostrate yourself and worship me."  Here Satan is acting like He is some " Don Corleone godfather" of the world and offers Christ power in the form of governments or kingdoms.  This ties in to Genesis where the serpent tricks Adam and Eve with his sophistry and eventually "takes" the world.  By showing Christ the kingdoms of the world, he is trying to tempt Christ with power.  This imagery was adopted in the movie with Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino called, "Devil's Advocate" where Pacino takes Reeves to the roof of a tall building and shows him the "world."  Human beings love power.  They love attention.  Who would refuse the kingdoms of the world?  The answer is Jesus.  He replies to Satan's offer which Satan thought could not be refused with: "Get away, Satan!  It is written:  The Lord, your God, shall you worship and Him alone shall you serve."  The Devil then left Him be and the angels appeared to assist Jesus.  

Let's recap things:
  • First, we read of the fall.  Adam and Eve listen to a serpent and eat of the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  
  • Second, the Psalm replies asking God for mercy.  
  • Third, St. Paul writes that Original Sin entered the world through one man and one man has undone this named Jesus Christ.  
  • Fourth, the Gospel presents Jesus who is God and man being tempted by the "serpent" who annoys Him and offers Him political power.  
Putting all the readings together, we see the links.  Adam and Eve messed things up for listening to a serpent.  St. Paul reminds us of this and tells us that Christ is the one who came to fix this mess. In the Gospel, we see how the same serpent appears to the "new Adam" and tries to tempt Him but fails.  Despite having excellent knowledge of Scripture and the ability to reason, Satan fails.  Christ is NOT Adam and Eve.  He is not stupid nor naive.  Christ is the Son of God, the second person of the Blessed Trinity.  Ironically, Satan despite having this great ability to reason as well as knowledge of the Bible and universe, he did not know Jesus was God.  This is why he was stalking Christ trying to figure out who this guy was.  Satan had no idea who Jesus was and was testing Him to see who He was and if He would fall for the same tricks used to make Adam and Eve fall.  So in effect, we are seeing Genesis 2.0 taking hold, but with a different outcome. With Adam and Eve, they had everything in the garden of Eden, so they should have not been tempted so easily by the serpent. Despite having everything, they fell for the temptation.  With Jesus, things were a bit different. He was in a desolate place, a desert. He had literally nothing, not even food or drink. This means that as a human male, He would have been more inclined to fall into the temptation of satan, but Jesus did not. Unlike Adam and Eve, Jesus did not have a garden with everything. This makes the story of Jesus' temptation very important for us Catholics. We must imitate Christ in fighting the temptation of satan even when we are in a point of hopelessness or when we lack the basics. 

These readings set the stage for Lent. Lent is a period of reflection and renewal. We join Jesus in the desert in prayer and fasting. Satan will eventually show up and stalk each one of us on this 40 day journey. He will tempt us with thoughts that will try to distract us just like he tried to distract Jesus. Satan will present to us all kinds of promises which are lies. Like Christ, we must bear with this annoying character. He is a bug buzzing around trying to annoy us to the point of reacting. We must respond like Christ did with direct rebuttals.  Satan is merely a fallen angel.  Hollywood likes to present him as this power anti-god type entity who has equal power to God, but is on the side of evil.  This is not so.  Satan is a creature just like us. Man has the capacity and intelligence to outsmart this being with God's grace.  One of the best weapons against Satan is ignoring him. Satan has an inflated ego and thinks of himself as this superior being.  He has the power to do minor parlor tricks in nature, but nothing we can't do on our own with our hands or technology. Ignoring him makes him powerless because we are not giving him the credibility he wants us to have in regards to him being this powerful entity.  

During this Lent we should pray more and focus on the meaning of fasting and abstaining from meat. We rely totally on God for our existence.  Christ reminded Satan of this.  The Scriptures remind us that despite man's failings, Christ is there to help him on his feet.  Christ has showed that He is smarter and more powerful that the annoying cunning serpent.    

HERE ARE THE READINGS:
http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/030120.cfm

Sunday, March 5, 2017

1st Sunday of Lent: We Depend on God

Today is the first Sunday of Lent.  Lent is a period of penance, reflection and renewal. It is a preparation for Easter where we partake in the Paschal Mysteries of our redemption which lead to our salvation if we remain firm. Today's readings deal with temptation, the fall of man, the public work of redemption, and victory by depending on God.  

The first reading is from Genesis which speaks of how God formed man from the clay of the Earth and breathed life into him.  We were reminded of this a few days ago on Ash Wednesday (see: http://www.sacerdotus.com/2017/03/ash-wednesday-2017.html). Atheists love to criticize this story. They harass Christians and claim that the story of Genesis disproves God as a mere myth. This is of course nonsense. The book of Genesis is poetry. It is allegory. The chapters on creation were not meant to be literal history or a science text. However, some similarities do exist with the theory of Evolution. God says, "Let there be light." Ironically, photons were the first particles to appear after the "big bang." Photons are light! Moreover, if you read the chronology of the creation account, there is an order to creation, an evolution of creatures.    

It continues with the story of how man was placed to live in the Garden of Eden and had access to all, but was warned not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. Eating of the fruit of this tree would bring about death.  This was of sin, not the fruit itself (Romans 5:12). Interestingly enough, the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, as well as the Tree of Life, are placed in the middle of the Garden making them more visible and distinct.  Here we see how the test of man is played out. I go more into detail on this in my book "Atheism is Stupid" in the "problem of evil" section. 

The story continues with the introduction of a serpent who is cunning and very intelligent (Genesis 3:1).  This serpent approaches the woman named Eve and proceeds to manipulate her by casting doubt to God's command not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  He says to her, "Did God really tell you not to eat from any of the trees in the garden?"  The woman then gives him an explanation as to what they can and cannot do in regards to eating fruit in the garden. The serpent replies, "You certainly will not die!  No, God knows well that the moment you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods who know what is good and what is evil."  The argument from the serpent was convincing.  The fruit seemed harmless and possibly identical to that of the Tree of Life or any other fruits in the garden.  Plus, what's wrong with becoming gods?  The woman then took some of its fruit and ate it and then shared it with the man.  Immediately they realized that they were naked and sewed fig leaves to make loincloths to cover up.

This story shows how sin entered the world.  It shows how temptation plays a big role before we fall into sin.  Adam and Eve were told not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, but they did at the behest of a serpent who is later identified as Satan or the fallen angel Lucifer.  We know this serpent to be Satan because man is the only being capable of reasoning and speech.  No other animals can reason or talk, so this serpent is another entity who is not human.  Since God only created two rational beings, angels and humans, we know that this serpent has to be an angel and can link him to Lucifer because he was cast down from Heaven and was roaming the Earth (Luke 10:18, Revelation 12:4, Job 1:7, 1 Peter 5:8).  Satan hates humanity and wants nothing more than for human beings to fail (Wisdom 2:24). He is a liar, the father of lies (John 8:44). All deception in the world comes from Satan. Today, we hear of so many crazy ideas on gender, abortion, marriage and even within Christianity. These come from Satan who twists and uses subterfuge in order to deceive man (James 3:15). We must not give in to these lies of the devil.  

The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil and how it was placed in the garden tells us that God was testing the first human beings. This makes sense based on the psychology of the human brain. The human brain is set up in a way to pay more attention to things in the center of attention, so to speak.  This is called the 'attenuator' in cognitive psychology. The term comes from Attenuation Theory proposed by Anne Marie Treisman, a psychologist and academic at Princeton who posits that our brains focus on things that stand out.  When we see a monument or some structure in the middle of everything else we automatically focus attention on it and assume that it is an important thing and become curious about it.    

The same can be said of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  The story also shows how human beings will always do the opposite of what they are told.  Usually when we are told NOT to do something, this builds up curiosity to to point that we actually do what we were told not to do. We can observe this in children who often "test" their limits by disobeying parents.  As adults, this behavior pretty much goes unchanged.  In a sense, God was doing the first psychology experiment. In life it is usually the things that bring us harm that appear to be good just like the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.

The Responsorial Psalm is said as a response to the first reading so today's Psalm obviously is from Ps 51 using the refrain, "Be merciful, o Lord, for we have sinned."  The Psalm recited today is a song about mercy and contrition.  We ask God for mercy; ask Him to cleanse our souls and wash us of our guilt.  We admit our failings and recall how God sees our sinful actions.  We ask for the joy of salvation despite our failings so that we can continue to praise God with a clean heart.  This Psalm is meant to ask God for mercy after reading the first reading about the fall of our first parents. Though the sin of Adam and Eve is not our fault, we inherit its effects.  The damage caused by Original Sin opens us up to Actual Sin which is done directly by us and can be Mortal or Venial (Psalm 51:5, Ephesians 2:2, 1 John 5:16-17). 

Original sin is then brought up in the second reading from Romans 5:12-19.  St. Paul opens up the letter to the Romans by saying, "Brothers and Sisters: Through one man sin entered the world, and through sin, death, and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned."  The rest of the letter goes on to explain how Original Sin brought about the destruction of man.  Evil, death, sickness and other anomalies in nature exist because of the disorder that Original Sin brought to the world. However, only one man who is also God has undone this and His name is Christ Jesus.  Jesus is the "New Adam" who came to restore creation to what it is supposed to be.  Jesus came to do "damage control," so to speak.  St. Paul closes the letter by telling us that just like Original Sin, death etc entered the world through one man, so too does grace, holiness and righteousness entered the world through Christ Jesus who is both man and God.

These readings then lead up to the Gospel which is from Matthew 4:1-11 and tells of the story of

Christ's temptation.  After Jesus was baptized by St. John the Baptist, He went into the desert for 40 days. The number 40 in the Bible is a symbol meaning preparation, penance or cleansing, and/or a time of trial/test.  We read that Jesus is in the desert with no food or drink due to fasting. The tempter, or Satan appears to Him and tells Him, "If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become loaves of bread."  

He does this in order to tempt Christ because after fasting 40 days, naturally anyone will be starving and even a slice of bread sounds like an eight course meal. Jesus does not fall for this trick and replies, "It is written:  One does not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes forth from the mouth of God." In other words, Jesus is saying that while we need food, it is ultimately God who has the final say as to whether or not we live or die. Eating food does not guarantee our lives or existence and can even kill us.  It is God who is in control of our existence.  

The Gospel account continues with Satan taking Christ to the holy city and placed Him on the parapet of the temple so He could see all from that height.  Satan says to Him, "If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down.  For it is written:  He will command his angels concerning you and with their hands they will support you, lest you dash your foot against a stone."  Here Satan is twisting Scripture to his advantage.  He is quoting from Psalm 91:11-12 showing that Satan does know the Scriptures well and interprets them in a way that will favor his views; hence, he is the "cunning serpent" mentioned in the first reading.  Satan mentions this Psalm in order to test Christ and in a sense, mock God.  He is pretty much telling Christ to commit suicide by jumping off a high place since according to Psalm 91, God will send angels to catch Him.  Jesus replies, "Again it is written, You shall not put the Lord, your God, to the test."  Here Christ is correcting the literal interpretation of Satan.  God sends angels and intervenes in space at time as His own discretion, not ours. Sometimes we, especially non-believers doubt God's existence when we hear of children dying, or some tragedy occurring which could have been prevented if God sent angels or even intervened directly.  However, this is not how it works.  We are not the gods of God.  We have no right to demand anything from God or have a sense of entitlement.  

Lastly, Satan takes Christ to a high mountain and shows Him all the kingdoms of the world and tells Him, "All these I shall give to you, if you will prostrate yourself and worship me."  Here Satan is acting like He is some " Don Corleone godfather" of the world and offers Christ power in the form of governments or kingdoms.  This ties in to Genesis where the serpent tricks Adam and Eve with his sophistry and eventually "takes" the world.  By showing Christ the kingdoms of the world, he is trying to tempt Christ with power.  This imagery was adopted in the movie with Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino called, "Devil's Advocate" where Pacino takes Reeves to the roof of a tall building and shows him the "world."  Human beings love power.  They love attention.  Who would refuse the kingdoms of the world?  The answer is Jesus.  He replies to Satan's offer which Satan thought could not be refused with: "Get away, Satan!  It is written:  The Lord, your God, shall you worship and Him alone shall you serve."  The Devil then left Him be and the angels appeared to assist Jesus.  

Let's recap things:
  1. First, we read of the fall.  Adam and Eve listen to a serpent and eat of the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  
  2. Second, the Psalm replies asking God for mercy.  
  3. Third, St. Paul writes that Original Sin entered the world through one man and one man has undone this named Jesus Christ.  
  4. Fourth, the Gospel presents Jesus who is God and man being tempted by the "serpent" who annoys Him and offers Him political power.  


Putting all the readings together, we see the links.  Adam and Eve messed things up for listening to a serpent.  St. Paul reminds us of this and tells us that Christ is the one who came to fix this mess. In the Gospel, we see how the same serpent appears to the "new Adam" and tries to tempt Him but fails.  Despite having excellent knowledge of Scripture and the ability to reason, Satan fails.  Christ is NOT Adam and Eve.  He is not stupid nor naive.  Christ is the Son of God, the second person of the Blessed Trinity.  Ironically, Satan despite having this great ability to reason as well as knowledge of the Bible and universe, he did not know Jesus was God.  This is why he was stalking Christ trying to figure out who this guy was.  Satan had no idea who Jesus was and was testing Him to see who He was and if He would fall for the same tricks used to make Adam and Eve fall.

These readings set the stage for Lent. Lent is a period of reflection and renewal. We join Jesus in the desert in prayer and fasting. Satan will eventually show up and stalk each one of us on this 40 day journey. He will tempt us with thoughts that will try to distract us just like he tried to distract Jesus. Satan will present to us all kinds of promises which are lies. Like Christ, we must bear with this annoying character. He is a bug buzzing around trying to annoy us to the point of reacting. We must respond like Christ did with direct rebuttals and dependence on God.  Satan is merely a fallen angel.  Hollywood likes to present him as this power anti-god type entity who has equal power to God, but is on the side of evil.  This is not so.  Satan is a creature just like us. Man has the capacity and intelligence to outsmart this being with God's grace.  One of the best weapons against Satan is ignoring him. Satan has an inflated ego and thinks of himself as this superior being.  He has the power to do minor parlor tricks in nature, but nothing we can't do on our own with our hands or technology. Ignoring him makes him powerless because we are not giving him the credibility he wants us to have in regards to him being this powerful entity.  

During this Lent we should pray more and focus on the meaning of fasting and abstaining from meat.  We rely totally on God for our existence.  Christ reminded Satan of this.  The Scriptures remind us that despite man's failings, Christ is there to help him on his feet.  Christ has showed that He is smarter and more powerful that the annoying cunning serpent.    

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Here are some reflections from holy writers:

What does the devil first say? “If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become loaves of bread.” The focus is not upon hunger but divine Sonship. Thinking to cheat him with supposed compliments, the devil suggested, “If you are Son of God,” remaining silent about his hunger in order that he not seem to allege that he indeed was hungry and not upbraiding him for it. For unaware of the greatness of the economy which was unfolding, he supposed hunger to be a reproach to him. So flattering him smoothly, he makes mention of his dignity only.
How then did Christ respond to this? In order to put down the devil’s pride and signify that there was nothing shameful in Jesus’ hunger nor unbecoming to his wisdom, he brings forward precisely the point that the devil had passed over in silence to flatter him. Jesus said, “Man shall not live by bread alone.”
In this way the devil begins his temptation with the necessity of the belly. Mark well the craft of that wicked demon. Note at what precise point he begins his struggling and how well he remembers what he does best. For it was by this same means that he cast out the first man and then encompassed him with thousands of other evils. Now by the same means here he again weaves his deceit: the temptation to indulge the belly. So too even now one may hear many foolish people say their bad words by thousands because of the belly.
— St. John Chrysostom
(344 - 407)


Source: “The Gospel of Matthew, Homily 13.3,” quoted in Manlio Simonetti, ed., Matthew 1–13, Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2001), 59.


“Throw yourself down.” It is the devil’s voice by which he desires that everyone should fall down. “Throw yourself,” he says. He is able to persuade, but he cannot cast down. “He will give his angels charge concerning you; and upon their hands they shall bear you up, lest you dash your foot against a stone.” This we read in the ninetieth psalm. Clearly the prophecy here is not about Christ but about a holy man. The devil therefore is a poor interpreter of the Scriptures. Certainly, if he really knew what was written about the Savior, he should have also said what follows in the same psalm against him: “You will tread on the lion and the adder, the young lion and the serpent you will trample underfoot.” Concerning the help of the angels, he speaks as though to a feeble man. Concerning his being trampled underfoot, he is silent like an artful dodger.
Jesus said to him, “It is written further, ‘You shall not tempt the Lord your God.’” The false arrows from the devil’s own scriptures he breaks with the true shield of the Scripture. And it should be noted that he cited the necessary testimony from Deuteronomy that he might show the sacraments of the second law.
— St. Jerome
(354 - 430)


Source: “Commentary on Matthew, 1.4.5-7,” quoted in Manlio Simonetti, ed., Matthew 1–13, Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2001), 61.


But now for the third time, the full ambition of diabolical power is at work. The Lord was taken to a very high mountain. All the kingdoms of the world and the glory of them would be his, he was promised, if only he would fall down and worship. His answer broke through all the devil’s suspicions. The devil had enticed Adam with food and led him from the glory of paradise to the place of sin—to the region of the forbidden tree. And he had corrupted him with ambition for a divine name by promising a future similar to that of the gods. In this same way all the power of the world is arrayed against the Lord. The possession of all this is offered to the devil’s very Creator, so that in line with the order of the ancient deceit, he whom the devil did not entice with food nor move from place, he would now corrupt by ambition.
But the Lord’s response put the matter on a higher plane. He said, “Begone, Satan! For it is written, ‘The Lord your God shall you worship, and him only shall you serve.’ ” The devil had to live with the outcome of such great recklessness. His crimes were being discovered. He realized that the Lord his God must be adored in the man. By this effective response, the Lord gave us a decisive example. With human power having been disdained and with worldly ambition being held of little account, we also should remember that our Lord and God alone must be adored, especially when the devil’s honor has become the common business of every age.
— St. Augustine
(354 - 430)


Source: “On Matthew 3.5,” quoted in Manlio Simonetti, ed., Matthew 1–13, Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2001), 63-64.

Sunday, March 9, 2014

First Sunday of Lent Reflection

Today is the first Sunday of Lent.  Today's readings deal with temptation, the fall of man, the public work of redemption, and victory.  

The first reading is from Genesis which speaks of how God formed man from the clay of the Earth and breathed life into him.  We were reminded of this a few days ago on Ash Wednesday.  

It continues with the story of how man was placed to live in the Garden of Eden and had access to all, but was warned not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. Eating of the fruit of this tree would bring about death.  Interestingly enough, the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil as well as the Tree of Life are placed in the middle of the Garden making them more visible and distinct.  Here we see how the test to man is played out.

The story continues with the introduction of a serpent who is cunning and very intelligent.  This serpent approaches the woman named Eve and proceeds to manipulate her by casting doubt to God's command not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  He says to her, "Did God really tell you not to eat from any of the trees in the garden?"  The woman then gives him an explanation as to what they can and cannot do in regards to eating fruit in the garden.  The serpent replies, "You certainly will not die!  No, God knows well that the moment you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods who know what is good and what is evil."  The argument from the serpent was convincing.  The fruit seemed harmless and possibly identical to that of the Tree of Life or any other fruits in the garden.  Plus, what's wrong with becoming gods?  The woman then took some of its fruit and ate it and then shared it with the man.  Immediately they realized that they were naked and sewed fig leaves to make loincloths to cover up.

This story shows how sin entered the world.  It shows how temptation plays a big role before we fall into sin.  Adam and Eve were told not to eat of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, but they did at the behest of a serpent who is later identified as Satan or the fallen angel Lucifer.  We know this serpent to be Satan because man is the only being capable of reasoning and speech.  No other animals can reason or talk, so this serpent is another entity who is not human.  Since God only created two rational beings, angels and humans, we know that this serpent has to be an angel and link him to Lucifer because he was cast down from Heaven and was roaming the Earth.  

The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil and how it was placed in the garden tells us that God was testing the first human beings.  The human brain is set up in a way to pay more attention to things in the center of attention, so to speak.  This is called the 'attenuator' in cognitive psychology. The term comes from Attenuation Theory proposed by Anne Marie Treisman, a psychologist and academic at Princeton who posits that our brains focus on things that stand out.  When we see a monument or some structure in the middle of everything else we automatically focus attention on it and assume that it is an important thing and become curious about it.    

The same can be said of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  The story also shows how human beings will always do the opposite of what they are told.  Usually when we are told NOT to do something, this builds up curiosity to to point that we actually do what we were told not to do. We can observe this in children who often "test" their limits by disobeying parents.  As adults, this behavior pretty much goes unchanged.  In a sense, God was doing the first psychology experiment. 
In life it is usually the things that bring us harm that appear to be good just like the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.

The Responsorial Psalm is said as a response to the first reading so today's Psalm obviously is from Ps 51 using the refrain, "Be merciful, o Lord, for we have sinned."  The Psalm recited today is a song about mercy and contrition.  We ask God for mercy, ask Him to cleanse our souls and wash us of our guilt.  We admit our failings and recall how God sees our sinful actions.  We ask for the joy of salvation despite our failings so that we can continue to praise God with a clean heart.  This Psalm is meant to ask God for mercy after reading the first reading about the fall of our first parents. Though the sin of Adam and Eve is not our fault, we inherit its effects.  The damage caused by Original Sin opens us up to Actual Sin which is done directly by us and can be Mortal or Venial. 

Original sin is then brought up in the second reading from Romans 5:12-19.  St. Paul opens up the letter to the Romans by saying, "Brothers and Sisters: Through one man sin entered the world, and through sin, death, and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned."  The rest of the letter goes on to explain how Original Sin brought about the destruction of man.  Evil, death, sickness and other anomalies in nature exist because of the disorder that Original Sin brought to the world. However, only one man who is also God has undone this and His name is Christ Jesus.  Jesus is the "New Adam" who came to restore creation to what it is supposed to be.  Jesus came to do "damage control," so to speak.  St. Paul closes the letter by telling us that just like Original Sin, death etc entered the world through one man, so too does grace, holiness and righteousness entered the world through Christ Jesus who is both man and God.

These readings then lead up to the Gospel which is from Matthew 4:1-11 and tells of the story of
Christ's temptation.  After Jesus was baptized by St. John the Baptist, He went into the desert for 40 days. The number 40 in the Bible is a symbol meaning preparation, penance or cleansing, and/or a time of trial/test.  We read that Jesus is in the desert with no food or drink due to fasting. The tempter, or Satan appears to Him and tells Him, "If you are the Son of God, command that these stones become loaves of bread."  

He does this in order to tempt Christ because after fasting 40 days, naturally anyone will be starving and even a slice of bread sounds like an eight course meal. Jesus does not fall for this trick and replies, "It is written:  One does not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes forth from the mouth of God." In other words, Jesus is saying that while we need food, it is ultimately God who has the final say as to whether or not we live or die. Eating food does not guarantee our lives or existence and can even kill us.  It is God who is in control of our existence.  

The Gospel account continues with Satan taking Christ to the holy city and placed Him on the parapet of the temple so He could see all from that height.  Satan says to Him, "If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down.  For it is written:  He will command his angels concerning you and with their hands they will support you, lest you dash your foot against a stone."  Here Satan is twisting Scripture to his advantage.  He is quoting from Psalm 91:11-12 showing that Satan does know the Scriptures well and interprets them in a way that will favor his views; hence, he is the "cunning serpent" mentioned in the first reading.  Satan mentions this Psalm in order to test Christ and in a sense, mock God.  He is pretty much telling Christ to commit suicide by jumping off a high place since according to Psalm 91, God will send angels to catch Him.  Jesus replies, "Again it is written, You shall not put the Lord, your God, to the test."  Here Christ is correcting the literal interpretation of Satan.  God sends angels and intervenes in space at time as His own discretion, not ours. Sometimes we, especially non-believers doubt God's existence when we hear of children dying, or some tragedy occurring which could have been prevented if God sent angels or even intervened directly.  However, this is not how it works.  We are not the gods of God.  We have no right to demand anything from God or have a sense of entitlement.  

Lastly, Satan takes Christ to a high mountain and shows Him all the kingdoms of the world and tells Him, "All these I shall give to you, if you will prostrate yourself and worship me."  Here Satan is acting like He is some " Don Corleone godfather" of the world and offers Christ power in the form of governments or kingdoms.  This ties in to Genesis where the serpent tricks Adam and Eve with his sophistry and eventually "takes" the world.  By showing Christ the kingdoms of the world, he is trying to tempt Christ with power.  This imagery was adopted in the movie with Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino called, "Devil's Advocate" where Pacino takes Reeves to the roof of a tall building and shows him the "world."  Human beings love power.  They love attention.  Who would refuse the kingdoms of the world?  The answer is Jesus.  He replies to Satan's offer which Satan thought could not be refused with: "Get away, Satan!  It is written:  The Lord, your God, shall you worship and Him alone shall you serve."  The Devil then left Him be and the angels appeared to assist Jesus.  

Let's recap things:
  • First, we read of the fall.  Adam and Eve listen to a serpent and eat of the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.  
  • Second, the Psalm replies asking God for mercy.  
  • Third, St. Paul writes that Original Sin entered the world through one man and one man has undone this named Jesus Christ.  
  • Fourth, the Gospel presents Jesus who is God and man being tempted by the "serpent" who annoys Him and offers Him political power.  
Putting all the readings together, we see the links.  Adam and Eve messed things up for listening to a serpent.  St. Paul reminds us of this and tells us that Christ is the one who came to fix this mess. In the Gospel, we see how the same serpent appears to the "new Adam" and tries to tempt Him but fails.  Despite having excellent knowledge of Scripture and the ability to reason, Satan fails.  Christ is NOT Adam and Eve.  He is not stupid nor naive.  Christ is the Son of God, the second person of the Blessed Trinity.  Ironically, Satan despite having this great ability to reason as well as knowledge of the Bible and universe, he did not know Jesus was God.  This is why he was stalking Christ trying to figure out who this guy was.  Satan had no idea who Jesus was and was testing Him to see who He was and if He would fall for the same tricks used to make Adam and Eve fall.

These readings set the stage for Lent. Lent is a period of reflection and renewal. We join Jesus in the desert in prayer and fasting. Satan will eventually show up and stalk each one of us on this 40 day journey. He will tempt us with thoughts that will try to distract us just like he tried to distract Jesus. Satan will present to us all kinds of promises which are lies. Like Christ, we must bear with this annoying character. He is a bug buzzing around trying to annoy us to the point of reacting. We must respond like Christ did with direct rebuttals.  Satan is merely a fallen angel.  Hollywood likes to present him as this power anti-god type entity who has equal power to God, but is on the side of evil.  This is not so.  Satan is a creature just like us. Man has the capacity and intelligence to outsmart this being with God's grace.  One of the best weapons against Satan is ignoring him. Satan has an inflated ego and thinks of himself as this superior being.  He has the power to do minor parlor tricks in nature, but nothing we can't do on our own with our hands or technology. Ignoring him makes him powerless because we are not giving him the credibility he wants us to have in regards to him being this powerful entity.  

During this Lent we should pray more and focus on the meaning of fasting and abstaining from meat.  We rely totally on God for our existence.  Christ reminded Satan of this.  The Scriptures remind us that despite man's failings, Christ is there to help him on his feet.  Christ has showed that He is smarter and more powerful that the annoying cunning serpent.    

HERE ARE THE READINGS:

First Sunday of Lent
Lectionary: 22
Reading 1GN 2:7-9; 3:1-7The LORD God formed man out of the clay of the ground
and blew into his nostrils the breath of life,
and so man became a living being.
Then the LORD God planted a garden in Eden, in the east,
and placed there the man whom he had formed.
Out of the ground the LORD God made various trees grow
that were delightful to look at and good for food,
with the tree of life in the middle of the garden
and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the animals
that the LORD God had made.
The serpent asked the woman,
“Did God really tell you not to eat
from any of the trees in the garden?”
The woman answered the serpent:
“We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden;
it is only about the fruit of the tree
in the middle of the garden that God said,
‘You shall not eat it or even touch it, lest you die.’”
But the serpent said to the woman:
“You certainly will not die!
No, God knows well that the moment you eat of it
your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods
who know what is good and what is evil.”
The woman saw that the tree was good for food,
pleasing to the eyes, and desirable for gaining wisdom.
So she took some of its fruit and ate it;
and she also gave some to her husband, who was with her,
and he ate it.
Then the eyes of both of them were opened,
and they realized that they were naked;
so they sewed fig leaves together
and made loincloths for themselves.

Responsorial Psalm PS 51:3-4, 5-6, 12-13, 17
R/ (cf. 3a) Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
Have mercy on me, O God, in your goodness;
in the greatness of your compassion wipe out my offense.
Thoroughly wash me from my guilt
and of my sin cleanse me.
R/ Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
For I acknowledge my offense,
and my sin is before me always:
“Against you only have I sinned,
and done what is evil in your sight.”
R/ Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
A clean heart create for me, O God,
and a steadfast spirit renew within me.
Cast me not out from your presence,
and your Holy Spirit take not from me.
R/ Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
Give me back the joy of your salvation,
and a willing spirit sustain in me.
O Lord, open my lips,
and my mouth shall proclaim your praise.
R/ Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.

Reading 2 ROM 5:12-19
Brothers and sisters:
Through one man sin entered the world,
and through sin, death,
and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned—
for up to the time of the law, sin was in the world,
though sin is not accounted when there is no law.
But death reigned from Adam to Moses,
even over those who did not sin
after the pattern of the trespass of Adam,
who is the type of the one who was to come.
But the gift is not like the transgression.
For if by the transgression of the one, the many died,
how much more did the grace of God
and the gracious gift of the one man Jesus Christ
overflow for the many.
And the gift is not like the result of the one who sinned.
For after one sin there was the judgment that brought condemnation;
but the gift, after many transgressions, brought acquittal.
For if, by the transgression of the one,
death came to reign through that one,
how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace
and of the gift of justification
come to reign in life through the one Jesus Christ.
In conclusion, just as through one transgression
condemnation came upon all,
so, through one righteous act,
acquittal and life came to all.
For just as through the disobedience of the one man
the many were made sinners,
so, through the obedience of the one,
the many will be made righteous.
Or ROM 5:12, 17-19Brothers and sisters:
Through one man sin entered the world,
and through sin, death,
and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned.
For if, by the transgression of the one,
death came to reign through that one,
how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace
and of the gift of justification
come to reign in life through the one Jesus Christ.
In conclusion, just as through one transgression
condemnation came upon all,
so, through one righteous act,
acquittal and life came to all.
For just as through the disobedience of the one man
the many were made sinners,
so, through the obedience of the one,
the many will be made righteous.
Gospel MT 4:1-11At that time Jesus was led by the Spirit into the desert
to be tempted by the devil.
He fasted for forty days and forty nights,
and afterwards he was hungry.
The tempter approached and said to him,
“If you are the Son of God,
command that these stones become loaves of bread.”
He said in reply,
“It is written:
One does not live on bread alone,
but on every word that comes forth
from the mouth of God.”
Then the devil took him to the holy city,
and made him stand on the parapet of the temple,
and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down.
For it is written:
He will command his angels concerning you
and with their hands they will support you,
lest you dash your foot against a stone.”
Jesus answered him,
“Again it is written,
You shall not put the Lord, your God, to the test.”
Then the devil took him up to a very high mountain,
and showed him all the kingdoms of the world in their magnificence,
and he said to him, "All these I shall give to you,
if you will prostrate yourself and worship me.”
At this, Jesus said to him,
“Get away, Satan!
It is written:
The Lord, your God, shall you worship
and him alone shall you serve.”
Then the devil left him and, behold,
angels came and ministered to him.


Lectionary for Mass for Use in the Dioceses of the United States, second typical edition, Copyright © 2001, 1998, 1997, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine; Psalm refrain © 1968, 1981, 1997, International Committee on English in the Liturgy, Inc. All rights reserved. Neither this work nor any part of it may be reproduced, distributed, performed or displayed in any medium, including electronic or digital, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.
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